摘要
通过6年10代南北育种,对征集的1000份国内外种质资源、育种试材进行大量测交育性鉴定,建立了 A_1至A_7七种胞质恢保体系,进一步拓展和丰富了高粱杂种优势利用的基因型范围,培育出 A_1至 A_7七种胞质雄性不育系30多个系列和新胞质杂交种。通过对 A_1、A_2、A_3、A_5、A_6型五种胞质不育的育性恢复基因的遗传机制的研究,找到了 A_1、A_2、A_5、A_6胞质不育恢复基因的差异和有许多共同恢复系和保持系的原因。研究并分析了 A_3胞质不育杂交种 F_2分离比率和 A_3不育系育性恢复基因的遗传方式,发现了 A_3胞质不育系小花不败育,培育出矮秆、穗大粒多、配合力强、育性又非常稳定的一批 A_3型不育系。找到了优点多、实用价值大、长期科学实践中难恢复的不育系——A_3不育系的恢复系,进一步配制出 A_3杂交种并转育了一大批 A_3恢复系后代材料。
Restorers and maintainers for seven cytoplasomic male-sterile (CMS)lines in sorghum were developed by testcrossing of 1000 accessions of sorghum germplasm to seven cytoplasomic male-sterile lines.More than 30 restorers and maintainers for the seven CMS lines (A_1～A_2)and new cytoplasomic hybrids were developed.The key results of this study the development of a restorer for CMS line A_3 which was difficult to be restored previously.A_3 hybrid was developed subsequently.
