摘要
生物质液化包括生物化学法生产燃料乙醇和热化学法生产生物油,热化学法又可分为快速热解液化和加压液化。着重介绍了目前达到工业示范规模的各种快速热解液化工艺,如旋转锥反应器、携带床反应器、循环流化床反应器、涡旋反应器、真空热解磨反应器等,以及处于实验室阶段的等离子体液化工艺。指出循环流化床工艺具有很高的加热和传热速率,且处理量可以达到较高的规模,是目前利用最多、液体产率最高的工艺。建议加强纤维素生物酶法糖化发酵生产燃料乙醇工艺的开发以及热化学法生物油精制新工艺的开发。
Liquefaction of biomass encompasses biochemical conversion for fuel ethanol and themochemical conversion for biooil,which includes fast pyrolysis and high pressure liquefaction.Various fast pyrolysis processes of biomass for liquid fuel,such as the rotating cone reactor,entrained flow reactor,circulating fluid bed reactor,vortex reactor and vacuum hearth reactor,which are all at the commercial demonstration stage,as well as plasma jet flow reactor which is at the laboratory stage,are emphatically introduced.The features and problems of each process are discussed and compared.Higher velocity of the heating and heat transfer can be obtained in the circulating fluid bed process;also larger amount of treating of feedstock can be easily achieved.The circulating fluid bed process,which can get the highest liquid yield among the above processes,is extensively used in the liquefaction of biomass.Liquefaction of biomass for the liquid fuel is a promising technology in China.It is therefore suggested that the research on and development of such new technology as the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of cellulose to making ethanol by enzymes as well as the turning of biooil into higher quality fuel by thermochemical conversion,should be strengthened.
出处
《现代化工》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第9期13-16,18,共5页
Modern Chemical Industry
