摘要
本文较系统地报道了核盘菌属(Sclerotinia)5个种16个代表菌株真菌的有性世代形成规律,结果是S.sclerotiorum和S.trifoliorum菌核1年内可在春、秋两次萌发子囊盘。菌核萌发主要受温度和湿度影响。在适合条件下,花盆内埋藏的菌核可在3年内萌发完,子囊盘发育过程分为针状期、膨大期、漏斗期和平盘期。子囊盘历期的长短和子囊盘放射子囊孢子持续期受菌核大小、温度、湿度和埋土深度的影响,其持续时间1～60d。子囊孢子生活力高温和强光照的影响,在室内条件下,子囊孢子生活力可长60d以上。而S.asari和S.schinseng的菌核有性世代则很难形成,在自然条件下,S.minor菌核未发现形成子囊盘。
The occurrence patterns of the sexual phases of 16 isolates (5 species)in Sclerotinia were studied systematically. The results were as follows: sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum germinated apothecially in spring and autumn. The sclerotial germination was influenced by the temper- ature and humidity. Developing process of apothecia was grouped into 4 stages, namely needle stage, expanding stage, funnel stage, open and flat stage. Both the time of different developing stage of apothecia and the time that apothecia discharged ascospores depended on sclerotial size, temperature, humidity and the depth of sclerotia in soil. The apothecia could live 1--60 days. The life span of ascospore was influ- enced by high temperature and strong light. The ascospores lived for more than 60 days normally. Sclerotia of S. asari and S. schinseng germinated to produce apo- thecia occasionally. Sclerotia of Sclerotinia minor did not germinate to produce apothecia in nature and in labs.
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
1992年第4期286-291,共6页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
关键词
核盘菌属
子囊孢子
真菌
Sclerotinia
sexual phase
developing process of apothecia
ascospore
