摘要
根据2001-08和2002-08月野外调查数据及2001年1∶100万中国植被图、1996年1∶400万青藏高原植被区划图和2000年青藏铁路沿线自然保护区分布及功能区界调整图,以青藏公路铁路沿线植被生态系统为研究对象,运用ARCVIEW和ARC/INFO软件研究青藏公路铁路建设对沿线生态系统结构的影响,结论如下:①青藏公路铁路南北跨越9个纬度,东西跨越12个经度,共穿越青东祁连山地草原地带、柴达木山地荒漠地带、青南高寒草甸草原地带、羌塘高寒草原地带、果洛那曲高寒灌丛草甸地带和藏南山地灌丛草原地带6个自然区,对植被类型的统计结果显示了地带性。②青藏公路铁路的建设对生态系统产生直接的切割,使景观更加破碎。③青藏公路铁路的建设直接破坏沿线植被生态系统(主要为50m缓冲区内),年损失总净初级生产量为30504 62t,损失总生物量432919 25～1436104 3t/a。损失总净初级生产量占1km缓冲区年净初级生产量535005 07～535740 11t/a的百分比为5 70%,占10km缓冲区年净初级生产量3408950 45～3810480 92t/a的0 80～0 89%;损失生物量占1km缓冲区生物总量7502971 85～25488342 71t/a的5 70%,占10km缓冲区总生物量43615065 35～164150665 37t/a的0 80%～0 89%。
Based on the field investigation in Aug 2001 and Aug 2002, digital China Vegetation Map in 2001 and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau Vegetation Regionalization Map in 1996, vegetation characteristic along two sides of Qinghai-Xizang highway and railway is studied in this article Meanwhile, the impacts of Qinghai-Xizang highway and railway constructions on the ecosystems are analyzed using ARCVIEW、ARC/INFO and PATCH ANALYSIS It was found that: (1) Qinghai-Xizang highway and railway span 9 altitudes,12 longitudes and 6 natural regions (East Qinghai and Qilian mountain steppe region, Chaidamu mountain desert region, South Qinghai alpine meadow steppe region, Qiangtang alpine steppe region, Guoluonaqu alpine scrub meadow region and South Xizang mountain shrub steppe region); (2) the constructions of Qinghai-Xizang highway and railway destroyed natural vegetation and landscape, especially in 50m-wide buffer regions along both sides of the roads, it was estimated that the Primary Productivity deceased by about 30504 62t/a and the gross biomass deceased by 432919 25～1436104 3t/a The losing Primary Productivity accounted for 5 70%of the annual Primary Productivity within 1km-wide buffer regions (535005 07～535740 11t/a), and only 0 80～0 89% of that within 10km-wide buffer regions (3408950 45～3810480 92t/yr) The losing gross biomass was about 5 70% of the gross biomass within 1km-wide buffer regions (7502971 85～25488342 71t/a), and only 0 80～0 89% of that within 10km-wide buffer regions (43615065 35～164150665 37t/a)
出处
《山地学报》
CSCD
2003年第5期559-567,共9页
Mountain Research
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目:青藏高原形成演化及其环境
资源效应(G1998040816)
青藏铁路的生态环境效应(90202012)经费资助。~~
关键词
青藏公路铁路沿线植被
生态系统
破碎
净初级生产力
生物量
vegetation alongside Qinghai-Xizang highway and railway, ecosystems, fragment, the Primary Productivity, biomass
