摘要
运用单探测的变化检测范式和注意分配程序 ,两个实验分别考察了由相同维度特征组成的客体和由不同维度特征组成的客体在工作记忆中的表征方式 ,以及注意对其的作用。实验 1用双色框作为客体 ,实验 2用不同颜色的形状作为客体。被试为 2 7名大学生。结果发现 ,由相同维度特征组成的客体在工作记忆中只能以单一特征为储存单元 ,且这种储存不受注意水平的影响 ,可能是一种自动化的过程 ;由不同维度特征组成的客体在工作记忆中能以整合形式表征 ,但是这种表征需要集中性注意的参与。该结果表明 ,在知觉过程中整合起来的信息在储存到工作记忆的过程中时 。
By using the single-probe change detection paradigm and a divided-attention proc edure, two experiments were conducted in the present study to investigate the ef fects of feature dimension and attentional level on the representation of object s in visual working memory. Fourteen undergraduate volunteers participated in th e first experiment, which was designed to examine whether features within the sa me dimension could be represented based on object, and whether such kind of repr esentation was influenced by attentional level. In the second experiment, eight shapes and colors were combined into objects consisting of features from differe nt dimensions. The representation form of such objects and the role of attention were examined. The results showed: (1) Objects defined by features from the sam e dimension were stored automatically with single feature as unit in visual work ing memory even in single probe condition. (2) Objects composed of features with in different dimensions could be represented in integrated object form which dem anded engagement of focused attention. (3) The storage of integrated information during perception stage in working memory also consumed attention resource.
出处
《心理学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第5期591-597,共7页
Acta Psychologica Sinica
关键词
注意水平
视觉工作记忆
客体表征
捆绑问题
attentional level, visual working memory, representat ion of object, binding problem.
