摘要
九段沙湿地是长江口新生成的沙洲,有鱼类128种,分隶于18目48科。其中河口性和近海性鱼类各约占1/3,淡水鱼类1/5,沿岸性和江海洄游鱼类各约占1/10。鱼类区系处于长江下游至东海的过度类型。在这些鱼类中,成鱼体长不足20cm的小型鱼类约占总数的1/4;体长超过50cm的大型鱼类只约占1/10,中型鱼类超过3/5。几乎没有以浮游植物为主食的鱼类,凶猛鱼类也仅几种,大多数以底栖生物、有机碎屑或浮游动物为主食。除河口和洄游性鱼类,其他生态类群的出现有明显季节性。九段沙鱼类不仅具有很强的物种多样性、河口代表性和生态类群多样性,还包含着5种国家级保护动物。保护所产生的感染力,不仅局限于长江河口本身,还影响到整个长江以及东海北部和黄海南部沿海的鱼类资源。
The Jiuduansha wetland lying on the Changjiang River estuary is a neonatal alluvion. There are 128 species of fishes recorded in this water area which belong to 18 orders and 48 families. The Perciformes show a dominate part in this fauna, there are 43 species of it, occupying 33.6% of the total. In addition, there are 16 species of Cypriniformes, 11 species of Clupeiformes, 9 species of Tetraodontiformes, and 54 species of the other 14 orders. About 30% of the total species are estuarine fishes and sea fishes, respectively; one fifth freshwater fishes; one tenth sea coastal fishes; and one tenth diadromous fishes. The fishfauna can be regarded as a transitional fauna between the lower reaches of the Changjiang River and the East China Sea. Except the estuarine fishes, the other species appear seasonally. If divided by body length, about one forth is ponysize fishes (body length no more than 20cm after being matured), three fifths are middlesize fishes (20 to 50cm) and one tenth are bigsize fishes (more than 50cm). There are hardly typical phytoplanktivores and few piscivores. Most species are benthivores, detritivores and zooplanktivores. By reason of five species of national protected animals, typical character of estuarine fishfauna, abundant species and diversity of ecological styles, conserving Jiuduansha wetland is very important, not only to the fishes fauna of Changjiang River estuary, but also to the fishes resources of the whole Changjiang River and the northern East China Sea and southern YellowSea.
出处
《上海水产大学学报》
CSCD
2003年第3期193-200,共8页
Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University
基金
上海市自然科学基金(01ZC14058)
上海市九段沙湿地自然保护区科学考察项目
上海水产大学校长专项基金(01012)
关键词
长江口
九段沙湿地
鱼类资源
保护价值
Changjiang River estuary
Jiuduansha wetland
fishes resources
conservation valuation
