摘要
本试验利用不同温度及代别组合共计12个处理研究了温度对棉蚜生命参数的影响。研究结果表明,温度对棉蚜的影响和棉蚜亲代素质有密切的关系。健壮个体子代在14～30℃温区随温度升高,发育速率呈幂函数曲线上升,棉蚜在14℃下若蚜死亡率高达70％,成蚜繁殖力极低,但在18～30℃温区内绝大多数棉蚜可以发育至成熟,以18～20℃棉蚜寿命最长,繁殖力最强,平均单蚜产仔蚜54.66～63.52头。温度升高发育历期缩短而导致内禀增长率呈对数曲线增加,至30℃r_m值达0.4486。但在高温下(26～30℃)连续饲养子代其r_m值则明显下降。不同温度下发育的个体大小差别明显,以18～20℃下成蚜较大。因此,作者认为棉蚜最适温区的划分不仅应考虑棉蚜的存活率、繁殖力及寿命,还应注意这些参数连续多代饲养的稳定性。根据亲代、子代棉蚜内禀增长率的差异程度,认为18～22℃为棉蚜发育的最适温区,处于最适温区的棉蚜个体健壮,体长宽积1mm^2以上。鉴于高温能导致短期内棉蚜种群剧增,因而从生物学意义上可以认为棉蚜具有在棉花蕾铃期猖獗的潜在能力。
The biology of cotton aphid was studied in the laboratory under different temperature regimes (14℃, 18℃. 20℃, 22℃, 24℃, 26℃ and 30℃) and photoperiod (L:D; 14:10). Using aphids collected in cotton field to rearing on cotyledon of cotton with agar medium in a little glass cup, 12 life tables were constructed. The result showed that the influence of temperature to cotton aphid was directly connected with their parent. To the healthy aphids descendants, the developmental speed had an increase of power function from 14℃ to 30℃. Higher mortality (70%) for larval aphid and a lower reproductive rate for adult were obtained at 14℃. Cotton aphid population attained the biggest fecundity and the longest longevity in the temperature zone of 18℃to 20℃. The relationship between r_m and temperature can be expressed as R_m(t)=0. 5461Lnt-1. 3846, which expressed the population density growing as the temperature increased. but the continuous rearing of next generation showed that compared to the first generation. the finite rate of population increase was dramatically decreased in high temperature zones. According to the stability of life parameters between two generations. it was suggested that the optimum development temperature was from 18℃ to 22℃ for cotton aphid.
出处
《棉花学报》
CSCD
北大核心
1992年第1期61-68,共8页
Cotton Science
关键词
棉蚜
温度
生命参数
生命表
cotton aphid
temperature
life parameter
life table
