摘要
介绍了近年来全球构造应力研究方面的一些新进展并以“世界应力图”提供的资料为背景 ,结合一些最新的研究成果 ,阐述了全球构造应力场的分布特征及其与板块构造运动之间的联系。研究结果表明 :(1)全球存在大尺度的统一性构造应力场 ;(2 )全球大多数板块内部地区为挤压应力作用 ,其应力结构多为逆断型、走滑型或逆走滑型 ;(3)大陆板块内部的扩张区大多位于高海拔异常地区 ,其应力结构为正断型或正走滑型 ,如青藏高原、东非裂谷和贝加尔裂谷等 ;(4)全球大部分地区的地壳上部构造应力作用方向较为均一 ,存在区域统一应力场 ;(5 )全球大部分地区的最大水平主应力方向与板块绝对运动 (角速度 )迹线保持较好的一致性 ,反映出构造应力与板块运动的关系密切 ;(6 )板块汇聚、洋脊扩张可能是产生岩石圈上部构造应力的主要力源。
We have introduced some new development of the global tectonic stress field study worldwide in recent years. Based on “World Stress Data” and combined with some new researches, we presented the characteristics of the distribution of the global tectonic stress field and the relations between the plate tectonic motion and the tectonic stress. The study results indicate that: (1) there exists a broad scale tectonic stress on the globe; (2) the compressive stress effect is dominant in the plate, and many stress regimes are thrust, strike-slip and thrust-strike; (3) most of the intraplate extensional area occurs in topographically high regions, such as in Tibet plateau, East African rift, Baikal rift, and its stress regimes are normal or normal-strike; (4) in most regions a uniform stress field exists throughout upper crust as indicated by consistent orientations of tectonic stress; (5) the direction of the maximum horizontal principal stress keeps consistent with the absolute velocity trajectories of plate motion (poles of angular motion) in most area of world, which indicates that the tectonic stress could be consanguineous relation with plate movement; (6) the plate convergence and ocean ridge extension could be the main source of tectonic stress in upper lithosphere.
出处
《地学前缘》
EI
CAS
CSCD
2003年第U08期22-30,共9页
Earth Science Frontiers
基金
国家科学技术部基础性工作专项资助项目 (2 0 0 0 112 )
中国科学院创新项目 (KZCX2 116)
关键词
全球构造应力场
应力图
板块构造
应力结构
global tectonic stress field
stress map
plate tectonics
stress regime
