摘要
以 2个超级杂交稻两优培九和两优E32为材料 ,汕优 6 3作对照 ,比较分析了与光合生态生理有关的株型性状。基于笔者的分析和育种实践 ,并结合水稻不同类型株型的特点 ,将长江下游平原单季稻生态区超级杂交稻 (中籼型 )理想光合株型的主要特征特性描述为 :剑叶长 35～ 4 0cm ,宽 2cm ,倒二叶、倒三叶长分别为 5 0～ 5 5cm和 5 5～ 6 0cm ,齐穗期 3叶与茎秆夹角分别为 5°、10°和 15°,叶面内卷 ,剑叶最卷处叶面曲率为 1～ 1.5cm-1,顶 3叶功能期为 70d ,最高叶面积指数 (LAI)为 8～ 9,完熟期绿叶LAI为 3左右 ;分蘖盛期叶角较大 ,比叶重SLW 2 .5～ 3g·cm-2 ,叶片薄而披散 ,中后期叶较厚且挺直 ,SLW为 4～ 5g·cm-2 ;齐穗期基部透光率 5 %左右 ,消光系数 0 .3～ 0 .4 ,可容纳的最大LAI8～ 10 ;植株高度 110～ 12 0cm ,下位节间长 2～ 4cm ,粗壮而壁厚 ,穗下节间占总秆长的 4 5 %左右 ;穗长 2 5～ 2 8cm ,着粒密度 8～ 10粒·cm-1,弯曲穗 ;叶片叶绿素含量和净光合率高 ,耐荫和耐光氧化能力较强 (光氧化级别≤ 3) ,能适应广幅光强。
The characteristics of plant type and physiological indices for photosynthesis were analyzed using two super hybrid rice, Liangyoupeijiu and LiangyouE32, and an indica hybrid, Shanyou63 as check. Based on the present analysis and various theories and breeding practices on rice plant type, a model of plant ideotype for super hybrid rice ( indica ) in the lower reaches of Yangtse River Valley were proposed as: A length of 35-40 cm and a width of 2 cm for top leaf, and that a of 50-55 cm and 55-60 cm, respectively, for the second and third leaves from top, meanwhile, possessing angle of 5°, 10°, 15°, respectively, and a curvature of 1-1.5 cm -1 for leaf surface at heading stage; The uppermost three leaves possessing their activities for as long as 70 days, which lead to a LAI of 3 at full ripe stage; loose plant type by thin (SLW=2.5-3 g·cm -2 , dry weight) and curve slant leaves during early growing stage, and compact plant type by thick (SLW=4-5 g·cm -2 ) and erect leaves during middle and late growing stages; With a coefficient of light extinction of 0.3-0.4, which allow to contain an optimal LAI as high as 8-10 during middle growing period; Plant height of 110-120 cm, with 2-4 cm basal internode and a long uppermost internode occupying 45% of total stem length; 25-28 cm panicle with 8-10 spikelets per centimeter and showing bend type in ripening; A rich chlorophyll which lead to a high net photosynthetic rate, and tolerance to light shading and photooxidation which is benefit of increasing the adaptability to varying light condition.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第6期633-639,共7页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家"8 63"计划资助项目 ( 2 0 0 1AA2 1115 1)
国家"863"重大专项资助项目
江苏省科技攻关资助项目 (BE2 0 0 13 0 6)
