摘要
目的:研究万古霉素在健康老年人和年轻人中体内过程的特点。方法:健康老年志愿者和健康年轻志愿者均分别给予万古霉素1.0g静脉滴注,以微生物法测定血药浓度和尿药浓度,并对老年组和年轻组间万古霉素药代动力学参数的差异进行统计学分析。结果:万古霉素在老年组和年轻组中的体内过程符合二室模型。万古霉素在老年组和年轻组的总清除率(CL_t)分别为(61.05±10.30)ml/min和(87.35±9.45)ml/min,消除半衰期(t_1/2β)分别为(8.34±1.06)h和(4.09±0.33)h,药时曲线下面积(AUC)分别为(280.30±48 90)h·mg/L和(192.78±20.23)h·mg/L。上述药代参数在老年组和年轻组间的差异有非常显著性(P<0.01)。结论:与年轻人相比,万古霉素在老年人中清除率降低,消除半衰期延长,AUC增大。万古霉素用于治疗老年患者感染时,应适当延长给药间隔或减少药物剂量,并监测血药浓度。
Objective: To investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristic of vancomycin in healthy elderly and young volunteers. Methods; All the volunteers were administered with vancomycin 1.0 g intravenously. Bioassay was used to determine the serum and urine concentrations of the drug. The differences of pharmacokinetic parameters between elderly and young groups were analysed. Results; In both groups, serum concentration-versus-time data were fitted to a two-compartment model. Pharmacokinetic parameters of elderly and young groups were; total clearance (CLt) of vancomycin (61.05± 10.30) ml/min and (87.35±9.45) ml/min, respectively; elimination half life (t1/2β) of vancomycin (8.34± 1.06) h and (4.09±0. 33) h, AUC of vancomycin (280.30±48. 90) h·mg/L and (192.78±20.23) h·mg/L , respectively. The differences between eldery and young groups were found to be statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated a lower clearance, longer elimination half life and an increased AUC of vancomycin in the elderly. When vancomycin is administered in elderly patients, the dose should be reduced or the dosage interval should be extended and therapeutic drug momitoring (TDM) is also required.
出处
《中国抗感染化疗杂志》
2003年第3期138-142,共5页
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy
