摘要
目的 建立秦山核电基地周围20 km范围内居民健康状况和环境放射性水平数据库。方法 通过各疾病监测点上报的“居民死亡医学证明书”,结合回顾性调查获取死因资料;通过现场采样分析,取得样品的监测数据。结果 1988～2000年居民年平均死亡率为6.89％,呼吸系统居死因首位,循环系统、恶性肿瘤位居第2、3位;恶性肿瘤死亡率为123.05/10万(标化率为102.10/10万),肝癌居首位,肺癌、胃癌位居高2、3位;环境样品:大气沉降灰中^(90)Sr(锶)、^(137)Cs(铯)的沉降量分别为0.64、0.31 Bq/(m^2·a);河水、自来水中^(90)Sr含量分别为0.81 mBq/L和0.80 mBq/L,^(137)C8含量分别为0.48 mBq/L和0.33mBq/L;稻米、蔬菜、鱼类等样品中^(90)Sr、^(137)C8的含量均低于1 Bq/kg。结论 呼吸系统、循环系统等慢性非传染性疾病已是居民的主要死因,恶性肿瘤死亡率低于省疾病监测点的监测结果;环境中大气沉降灰、饮用水、食品等样品中放射性水平属正常本底。
[Objective]To build a database of the health status of the surrounding residents and the environmental radiation level within 20 kilometers of Qinshan nuclear power base. [ Methods ] The monitoring data was got by analyzing the 'Medical Certificate of Resident's Death' and a retrospective investigation on death causes. [Results] The average annual mortality of the residents was 6.89% . Among all the death causes, respiration system was in the first place; circulation system and malignant tumor were in the second and third place respectively. The mortality of malignant tumor was 123.05/100 000 (standardized rate was 102.10/100 000), in which liver cancer was in the first place; lung cancer and stomach cancer were in the second and third place respectively. The environmental samples are as the following: the dose of 90Sr and 137Cs were 0.64 Bq(m2.a) and 0.31Bq(m2.a) respectively in the air sedimentation dust; The dose of 90Sr in river and running water were 0.81 mBq/L and 0.80 mBq/L respectively, and the dose of 137Cs were 0.48 mBq/L and 0.33 mBq/L respectively; the dose of 90Sr and l37Cs in rice, vegetables, fish, etc. were all lower than 1 Bq/kg. [Conclusion]Chronic non-infective diseases like respiration system and circulation system diseases have been the main death cause of the residents. The mortality of malignant tumor was lower than the provincial monitoring result. The radiation level in the sample of the air sedimentation dust, drinking water, food, etc. were on the normal level.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2003年第7期9-12,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
死因
恶性肿瘤
死亡率
放射性水平
Death cause, Malignant tumor, Mortality, Radiation level.
