摘要
在光学显微镜下观察了不同产地华中五味子 SchisandrasphenantheraRehd.etWils. 叶表皮结构和导管分子特征,应用多元回归方法对不同产地华中五味子的叶表皮特征及导管分子特征与环境因子的关系进行了分析.观察的指标有叶表皮特征 气孔器密度、气孔器指数、气孔器长宽、气孔器面积、气孔极区角质加厚、气孔器类型、表皮细胞垂周壁形状、分泌细胞密度及叶表面角质条纹 和导管分子特征 导管分子长度、直径、长/直径比值及穿孔板类型 .观察结果:上表皮有极少量气孔器和分泌细胞分布.在下表皮,气孔器类型为平列型和侧列型,气孔器指数为15.05%～22.53%,气孔器长59.2～74.2μm,气孔器宽37.9～46.8μm,分泌细胞密度为1.45/mm2～3.99/mm2.导管分子以具缘纹孔导管为主,穿孔板包含单穿孔和梯状穿孔板.导管分子长957.8～1270.2μm,导管分子直径85.0～136.7μm.随着产地的不同,华中五味子叶下表皮结构和导管分子的解剖特征有明显的差异.分析结果显示:年均气温与气孔器面积和气孔器长度,年降水量与气孔器宽度以及相对湿度与分泌细胞密度之间关系密切.随着年平均气温的升高,气孔器面积、气孔器长度呈减少的趋势,R2值分别为0.74、0.71.随着年降水量的增加,气孔器宽呈减小的趋势,R2值为0.64 导管分子长/直径比值增加。
The epidermal characters of mature leaves and vessel elements of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et Wils. from different districts were examined under light microscope. Multistatistical analysis was used to clarify the relationships of the morphological characters of the leaves and vessel elements to the environmental factors of Schisandra sphenanthera, which distribute in different locations. The characters of leaf surface (including the stomatal density, stomatal index, stomatal width and stomatal length) and vessel element (vessel length, vessel width) were determined and compared. As a result, stomatal and secretory cells were rarely observed at the upper epidermis. The stomatal apparatuses on the lower epidermis were assigned to paracytic type and laterocytic type. Stomatal index was 15.05%～22.53%, stomatal length 59.2～74.2 μm, stomatal width 37.9～46.8μm, secretory cell density 1.45～3.99/mm2, respectively. Pitted vessels with simple perforation plate and scalariform perforation plate were commonly observed in the xylem. Vessel length and vessel width were 957.8～1 270.2 μm and 85.0～136.7 μm, respectively. The variations of anatomical characters for the lower of leaves and vessel elements of Schisandra sphenanthera from different districts were definitely. The results of multistatistical analysis showed that the stomatal size and stomatal length were closely related to the annual mean temperature. The stomatal size and stomatal length were decreased when the annual mean temperature increased. With the increase of annual precipitation, vessel length/vessel width (VL/VD) increased, but stomatal width decreased. Secretory cell density decreased with the increasing of relative humidity.
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
2003年第5期715-723,共9页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基金
高校博士点基金项目 2000026519
国家自然科学基金项目 30271586
高校优秀青年教师教学和科研奖励基金项目 1999-71
