摘要
研究了一大型深水湖泊——千岛湖轮虫的群落结构,包括种类组成、种群动态、现存量,并用轮虫污染指示种类、E/O值和QB/T值评价千岛湖水质和营养状况. 在一周年的研究中,共发现轮虫70种,污染指示轮虫41种,其中寡污-β中污带、β中污带和β-α中污带污染指示种类分别占总指示轮虫的41. 5%、36. 5%和22. 0%. 根据年平均密度,优势种分别为螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)、等刺异尾轮虫(Trichocerca similis)和针簇多肢轮虫(Polyarthra trigla). 轮虫生物量的时空变化由晶囊轮虫属(Asplanchna)的轮虫决定,以5月份的Ⅰ站和Ⅱ站生物量较高. 轮虫的E/O值变幅为0. 29-0. 62,平均0. 46;QB/T值变幅为0. 17-1. 50,平均0. 68. 相关分析表明:E/O值和QB/T值与水体透明度之间分别呈显著和极显著的负相关关系,相关系数分别达0. 7182和0. 7747. 与大型浅水湖泊相比,千岛湖轮虫群落结构具有种类数较多、密度和生物量小、QB/T值低的特征. 根据指示生物法和生物指数法评价千岛湖水质和营养类型,千岛湖为寡污-β中污(贫-中营养型)水体,其中,Ⅰ站、Ⅱ站和Ⅴ站为β中污(中营养型),其余各站均为寡污-β中污(贫营养型)水体.
The community structure of Rotifera and ecological assessment of water quality, including species composition, population dynamics, standing crops and indicator organisms, E/O and QB/T index, was studied in a large, deep lake, Qianda Lake, Zhejiang Province. After one-year monitoring in situ, 70 species of Rotifera were found, 41 species were pollution indicator species, of which oligo-βmesosaprobic, βmesosaprobic and β-αmesosaprobic species accounted for 41.5%, 36. 5% and 22. 0% of the total indicator species, separately. In terms of annual average density, the dominant species were Keratella cochlearis, Trichocerca similis and Polyarthra trigla, which accounted for 59.2% total density. Asplanchna spp. accounted for 56.5% of total biomass. The annual average density of Rotifera was 103 ind. /L, and biomass was 0.069mg/L. Except for Keratella cochlearis, which form stable population, the density distribution of other dominant species were varied temporarily from station to station, such as Schizocerca diversicornis density reached 800ind. /L at station Ⅱ in May, Trichocerca similis density reached 1000ind. /L at station Ⅲ in July, and Keratella cochlearis density reached 560ind. /L at station Ⅵ in September. Biomass changes in space and times were determined by Asplanchna spp, the higher biomass at station Ⅰ and Ⅱ in May, reached 0.169 mg/L and 0.275 mg/L, separately. The ranges of E/O values in Qiandao Lake were 0.29-0. 62(0.46 on average), and the ranges of QB/T values were 0.17-1.50(0.68 on average). The regression analysis showed that the transparency of lake water had negative linear relationships with E/O value (r2= 0. 7182) and QB/T value(r2= 0.7747). The characteristics of Rotifera community in Qiandao Lake showed the rich species number and low density, biomass and QB/T value compared with other large shallow lakes in China. Furthermore, biological assessment of water pollution and trophic condition were evaluated by species indicators, biotic index of E/O and QB/T. The trophic type of Qiandao Lake could be regarded as oligo-βmesosaprobic, of which station Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅴ were considered as βmesosaprobic, while others were considered as oligo-βmesosaprobic.
出处
《湖泊科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
2003年第2期169-176,共8页
Journal of Lake Sciences
基金
杭州市环境保护局课题(千岛湖浮游生物群落动态分析及控制对策研究)(199901).
