摘要
按照大部分社会资本理论研究者的看法,社会资本应包含信任、规范和网络,且具有公共物品的性质。但是,消极的、不具有公共物品性质的"社会资本"也往往存在于各种社群中。这就构成了社会资本理论中的一个内在矛盾。作为一种能降低社会运行成本的公共物品,社会资本的不同定义应有共同的指称,这是社会资本理论发展中必须解决的问题。明确社会资本的公共物品性质,是社会资本概念成为对各种问题进行跨学科探讨的可靠起点。
According to the views of most theory researchers, social capital should consist of trust, regulation and network together with its characteristics of 'jointness of supply' and 'the impossibility of exclusion' as a public good. Social capital has the functions of ensuring collaboration among communities to improve the efficiency of social operation. But we also find 'social capitals' without the above said functions in all kinds of communities. In fact, this kind of 'social capitals' cannot lead to trust and regulation, and therefore, has no possibility of improving efficiency. Such 'social capitals' can always be found in places that lack mutual trust. It can be public bad or private good. In the present theory, however, the concept of social capital, by all appearances, does not clarify what the social capital is, which becomes the inner flaw of the theory. At present, the concept of social capital is quite suggestive, but is at the same time not rigid and precise enough. It may lead to the misuse of this concept. We cannot use it effectively until we give specific limitation to this concept. As a public good that can lower the cost of social operation, it must be clearly stated that different definitions of social capitals should have something in common. It is because of its direction to the efficiency and trust needed by all societies that it wins recognition from many studying fields. Therefore, we must clarify its characteristic as a public good, and use this as a criterion to exclude the public bad that breaks community trust, and also the private good that only benefits its owner from the category of social capitals. Thus, this concept can be a reliable base for interdisciplinary discussions.
出处
《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2003年第2期14-21,共8页
Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences
基金
浙江省哲学社会科学规划年度课题"社会资本
科层制公共组织与政策过程的改进"
编号M 0 2ZF4
关键词
社会资本
公共物品
社群
制度
social capital
public good
community
institutions
