摘要
现今洞庭湖由于泥沙淤积,人工围垦及水生植物滋生蔓延,湖盆形态与水文情势均发生了较大的变化。本文根据1951—1988年的水文资料和有关历史图件,测算了湖泊形态度量指标及其近数十年来的变化,重点分析了水情变化规律,同时论证了湖盆形态改变对水文情势所产生的一系列影响。
Study on the change of the Dongting Lake basin shape and hydrology in the last decades, based on relevant hydrological and historical date, showed the lake bottom has risen 2-6 m Since 1952. From 1961 to 1987, the left bank line shifted 12.9m/a to the right, the main waterway shifted 13.9m/a to the right, and the width of the lake basin narrowed 200-500 m. From 1949-1983, the lake area reduced by 1244km2, the lake volume decreased by 9.4km3. From 1951-1983, the annual average input of sand and water into the lake were 1.9292×108t and 3018×108m3 respectively; the annual average of sand leaving the lake was 0.4957×108t; and the sedimentary sand deposited into the lake was 1.4335×108t. The amount of water and sand going into and out the lake in the flood season comprised 74.6-76.3 per cent and 60.4-96.0 per cent respectively of that in a year. Since th straightening of the Jingjiang River, the-amount of water and sand going into and out the lake has significantly decreased. The lake basin shape and hydrology have significantly changed. In the 1980's the flood level was 1.22-3.68 m higher, the average clay rise of flood level was 0.27-1.27 m higher, the natural regual-tory capability decreased by 6.32 per cent, and the percentage of sand sediment with diameter 0.005 mm increased.
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1992年第6期626-634,共9页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
关键词
洞庭湖
湖盆
水情
变化
Dongting Lake, Lake basi shape, hydrology.
