摘要
为了合理开发利用紫色土 ,保护生态环境 ,为紫色土经济林栽培提供实践指导 ,对紫色土经济林栽培技术进行了研究 测定了全垦、带垦、水平梯土、水平梯土撩壕、鱼鳞坑等 5种整地方法的土壤以及对照地 (不整地 )的土壤侵蚀量 ,观测了各种整地方法对经济林木生长发育的影响 ,同时 ,对栽植在紫色土和板页岩红壤上的经济林木的生长发育情况进行了对比 结果表明 :不同整地方法土壤侵蚀量按从大到小的顺序排列为全垦 (81 4t·hm-2a-1,以下单位均为t·h-2 a-1) >带垦 (63 6) >水平梯土 (3 8 7) >水平梯土撩壕 (3 1 8) >鱼鳞坑 (2 4 3 ) >对照(2 1 1) ;不同整地方法对经济林木生长发育的影响按由好到差的顺序排列为水平梯土撩壕、水平梯土、全垦、带垦、鱼鳞坑、对照 ;在一般抚育管理条件下 ,在紫色土坡地生长发育较好的树种或品种有板栗、枣树、杨梅、枇杷、萘李、甜柿、水蜜桃 ,生长发育一般的树种有茶树、无核蜜柑、柚子 ,生长发育较差的树种有脐橙、柑、葡萄 因此 ,在坡度不大 (<2 5°)的紫色土坡地营造经济林时 ,整地方法采用水平梯土撩壕为宜 ,栽培树种可选择板栗、枣树、杨梅、枇杷、萘李、甜柿、水蜜桃 ,还可选择无核蜜柑、茶树。
In order to protect the ecological environment,to pu t purple soil resources to rational use,and to provide a guidance for nontimber fo rest culture on purple soils,a study was made of the nontimber forest culture te chniques on purple soil Soil erosion moduli of several methods of soil preparat i on were determined These mothods of soil preparation are overall soil preparati on,strip soil preparation,bench terrace,bench terrace+ditch,fish scale pit prep aration and contrast The conditions of nontimber trees' growth and development were observed with the methods of ground preparations The growth and developmen t of trees on slate shale krasnozen were compared to those on purple soil The results indicate that soil erosion moduli of the methods of ground preparations are in the order of overall ground preparation(81 4 t·hm -2 a -1 )>strip ground preparation(63 6 t·hm -2 a -1 )>bench terrace (38 7 t·hm 2a -1 )>bench terrace+ditch(31 8 t·hm 2a -1 )>fish sc ale pit(24 3 t·hm 2a -1 )>contrast(21 1 t·hm 2a -1 ) The favora ble influences of the methods of ground preparation on nontimber trees' growth a nd development are in the order of bench terrace+ditch,bench terrace,overal gr ound preparation,strip ground preparation,fish scale pit and contrast In cond itions of o rdinary tending,the nontimber tree species or strains whose growth and developm ent are better than others on slope land of purple soil are Chinese chestnut,Ch inese jujuba,Chinese wax myrtle,loquat,lai plum(it is a strain of Prunus s alicina Lindl ),sweet persimmon,honey peach; the trees or strains whose grow th and development are in common level are Camellia sinensis Kuntze,aspermo us honey tangar(it is a strain of tangar) and pummelo tree; the trees or strains whose growth and development are poor are navel orange,peng tangar(it is a str ain of tangar) and grape Therefore,when nontimber trees are planted where the gradient is not too steep(≥25°),the adaptive ground preparation method is ben c h terrace +ditch;the good selections of tree species are Chinese chustnut,Chin ese jujuba,Chinese wax myrtle,loquat,lai plum,sweet persimmon,honey peach, and other alternative species are aspermous honey tangar, Camellia sinensis Kuntze,pummelo,atc
出处
《山地学报》
CSCD
2003年第2期201-209,共9页
Mountain Research
基金
中南林学院 -湖南省资兴市林科教横向合作课题。~~
关键词
紫色土
经济林
栽培技术
整地方法
树种选择
土壤侵蚀
purple soil
nontimber forest
cultural technique
met hod of ground preparation
tree species selection
soil erosion
