摘要
The cell density, species composition and distribution of phytoplankton, and their relations to environmental factors in Prydz Bay and its adjacent sea area, Antarctica (69degrees-77degrees E, 62degrees-70degrees S) during the austral summer of 1998/1999 were investigated. A total of 48 taxa belonging to 21 genera of phytoplankton in the sea area were identified. The average cell density of phytoplankton was 22.46 x 10(3) cells/dm(3), of which diatoms were predominant (84.51%). The highest cell density of phytoplankton occurred in Prydz Bay and the adjacent continental shelf where the average cell density was 46.03 x 10(3) cells/dm(3). The lowest cell density (3.34 x 10(3) cells/dm(3)) occurred in deep sea area. The dominant species of phytoplankton was Fragilariopsis curta. The vertical distribution of phytoplankton density was highest in the upper part of 0-50 in depth, lower in 100 in and lowest in 150 in. The species composition and cell density of phytoplankton were influenced by water circulation. The cell density was positively correlated with water temperature and salinity, and negatively correlated with the concentration of nutrients.
中国第 1 5次南大洋考察从普里兹湾邻近海域获得 2 5个测站的浮游植物样品 ,主要研究了其种类组成、分布及其与环境的关系。浮游植物有 5门 1 6科 2 1属 48种 (变种和变型 ) ,浮游植物平均细胞密度为 2 2 .46× 1 0 3个 /dm3,其中以硅藻类占优势 (84.51 % )。浮游植物分布以近海岸陆架区的细胞密度最高 (4 6 .0 3× 1 0 3个 /dm3) ,其次为陆坡 (4 .40× 1 0 3个 /dm3) ,深海区最低 (3.34× 1 0 3个 /dm3)。表层叶绿素a浓度为 0 .1 6～ 3.99μg/dm3,普里兹湾内和湾西部四女士浅滩海域浓度在 3.5μg/dm3以上 ;平面分布趋势浓度从湾内向西北方向递减 ,深海区浓度在 0 .5μg/dm3以下。浮游植物优势种为硅藻的短拟脆杆藻 (Fragilariopsiscurta)。浮游植物垂直分布密集区位于 0～ 50m水层 ,1 0 0m或 1 0 0m以下水层随深度的增加而细胞密度逐渐减少 ,2 0 0m水层稀少或未见。其密集区位于普里兹湾近岸陆架区 ,而陆坡及深海区细胞密度显著减少。叶绿素a浓度的最大值同样分布在 2 5m或 50m层 ,50m以下的浓度随深度的增加而降低 ,2 0 0m层叶绿素a浓度分布范围为 0 .0 1～ 0 .95μg/dm3。粒径分级叶绿素a浓度以微小型浮游生物的贡献占优势 (56 % ) ,微型浮游生物的贡献占 2 4% ,微微型浮游生物的贡献占 2 0 %。经回?
基金
国家自然科学基金 ( 4 98760 32 ,390 0 0 0 2 1)。~~
