摘要
农村应建立一个覆盖农村的统一的法定的基本健康保障和以其他补充健康保障模式的多层次、高弹性的健康保障体系 ,并根据不同地区的经济情况 ,政府给予不同的转移支付 ;建立农村最低生活保障制度 ,并对处在最低生活水平之下的农民给予医疗救助。农村基本健康保障基金由社会保障税、政府投资、转移支付和其他社会资金四个部分组成 ,主要用于医疗保险、医疗救助、公共卫生体系及其他投资。此外还提出相关配套改革 ,以逐步建立农村健康保障制度。
Severe problems exist in countryside in China. The rural health market is in a vicious cycle of 'high need, low resources, low demand and low utilization'. Mainly due to the dualistic social and economic structure, there are great differences in health security system between cities and towns and countryside. To solve the issues of 'agriculture, peasants and countryside', the bi-dualistic structure and domicile system should be got rid of. The authors proposed that a multilevel and high flexible health security system should be established with basic health security system mainly raised by taxation and complementary funds from multiple sources. Minimum level of living should be set, the people who live under the poverty line should get the medical aid from the government. The basic health security fund consists of four main parts including social security tax, governmental investment, transfer and other social funds. And supporting measures were also put forward.
关键词
农村
健康保障
双二元结构
基本健康保障基金
countryside
health security
bi-dualistic structure
basic health security fund
