摘要
目的 了解我国青年视力现状及其地域分布特点。方法 采用整群抽样的方法 ,在全国31个省 (市、自治区 )选择 10 0个县 (区 )作为抽样点 ,对 730 0 0名 17～ 2 1a男性青年的体格状况进行调查。按照视力低于诊断标准 ,将所有观察对象分为正常、轻度、中度和重度视力低下。采用SPSS 11.0软件对不同地区视力低下检出率进行比较。结果 各地区视力低下检出率存在显著差异 ,全国平均检出率为 2 9.5 %,华北、华东地区最高 ,分别为 35 .3%和 32 .5 %,西北、西南地区最低 ,分别为 2 5 .9%和 2 2 .4 %。各地区视力低下检出率存在城乡差别和文化程度间的差别 ,城市的视力低下检出率较乡村高 ,全国城市视力低下检出率平均为 36 .2 %,乡村为 2 5 .2 %。高中以上文化者中视力低下检出率较初中以下者高。高中以上文化者全国平均为 38.8%,初中以下者全国平均为 2 3.8%。视力低下的检出率随年龄增加而增加 ,并存在种族差异。结论 青少年视力低下检出率存在明显的地区差异 ,应进一步研究不同地区视力低下与环境、气候。
Objective To investigate the actuality and geographic distribution characteristic of poor eyesight in Chinese male youth. Methods 100 sampling spots were selected among 31 provinces in China by cluster sampling, 73 000 subjects aged 17~21 years old were measured, according to the poor eyesight diagnosis standard, all the subjects were categoried into normal, mild, moderate, severe groups, poor eyesight detecting rate were compared among different areas, all the analysis were carried out by using SPSS 11.0 program. Results There were significant difference in detecting rate of poor eyesight among different areas, the average detecting rate was 29.5% , north China and east China were the highest, with the detecting rate was 35.3% and 32.5% respectively,north west and south west were the lowest, with the detecting rate was 25.9% and 22.4% respectively. There were difference between urban and rural detecting rate, also between different education statues. Detecting rate of urban youth was higher than that of rural youth, 36.2% and 25.2% respectively. Detecting rate of senior high school graduated youth was higher than that of junior high school graduated, 38.8% and 23.8% respectively. The detecting rate increased with age. Conclusions There are significant difference in detecting rate of poor eyesight among different areas. Relationship between eyesight and environment, climate, geography, economy should be studied further.
出处
《疾病控制杂志》
2003年第2期91-93,共3页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control and Prevention
基金
全军医药卫生"九五"重点课题 (编号 2 0 0 0 Z0 99)
教育部高等学校骨干教师资助计划 (2 0 0 0 - 6 5 )
