摘要
目的 规范婚前保健服务 ,提高婚前保健工作质量。 方法 采用定性与定量 ,全面调查与抽样调查相结合的方法 ,按统一的调查方案、标准、方法和质量控制 ,由经过统一培训的调查员进行。 结果 全国共有婚前保健机构 5 2 2 4个 ,5 3.7% ( 2 80 7/ 5 2 2 4 )设在妇幼保健院 (所 ) ;乡级机构占 4 3.6 % ( 2 2 78/ 5 2 2 4 ) ;5 7.0 % ( 2 978/ 5 2 2 4 )的婚前保健机构设有专用的男婚检室 ,5 6 .2 % ( 2 935 / 5 2 2 4 )的设有女婚检室 ;婚检医师中有 2 5 .1% ( 5 976 / 2 3793)未取得《母婴保健技术合格证书》;5 3.8% ( 12 793/ 2 3793)的婚检医师仅有中专学历 ;1998年至 2 0 0 0年全国平均婚检率为 6 3.4 % ( 2 2 76 7974 / 35 8874 15 ) ;婚检对象的平均患病率为 7.6 % ( 173395 6 / 2 2 76 7974 )。 结论 婚前保健机构设置不合理 ,管理不到位 ,投入不足 ,硬件装备基本条件未能达标 ;婚前保健服务人员业务素质和服务对象的需求不相适应。应加强对婚前保健工作的执法、业务指导和质量管理 ;服务机构应加强自身建设。
Objective To standardize premarital health care services and to upgrade the service quality. Methods Using both survey and sampling methods qualitatively and quantitatively.Quality was controlled by unified survey protocol,standard,method and trained interviewers. Results There are 5 224 institutions providing premarital health care services, 53 7 % are MCH organizations,43 6 % were localed in rural area and 0 8 % and 0 7 % not having specified rooms for male and female examination.There are 25 1 % premarital health care providers without certificates issued by particular services according to Maternal and Infant Health Care Law,and only 53 8 % having the background of receiving vocational education.From 1998 to 2000,the national average premarital physical examination rates was 63 4 %,and the prevalence rate from premarital screening was 7 6 % on the average. Conclusion The distribution and the management of premarital health care institutions is far from satisfied and essential equipment and environment did not meet the requirement.The technical level of providers did not adapt the demands by clients.It is necessary to strengthen legal management,technical instruction and quality control of premarital health care services. All related organizations should pay more attention to self improvement.
出处
《中国生育健康杂志》
2003年第2期81-85,共5页
Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health
