摘要
1998～ 1 999年在河北棉区系统调查转Bt基因棉棉田中的蜘蛛发生时空的研究结果表明 ,在转Bt基因棉田中 ,全年百株累计数量为 3984头 ,占棉田总捕食性天敌数量的 4 9.7%。其中优势蜘蛛温室希蛛、狼蛛和草间小黑蛛分别占 5 3.6%,1 6.7%和 1 8.6%。季节动态表现为棉田前期少 ,中、后期多 ,最高可达百株 4 5 4头 ;棉株下部和地面的蜘蛛增加快 ,而上、中部蜘蛛增加慢。空间分布表现为下部和地面占优势 ,丰富度分别为 0 .4 64和 0 .30 3,而上部蜘蛛的丰富度仅为 0 .0 67。地面蜘蛛中以狼蛛和草间小黑蛛占优势 ,分别占 5 2 .6%和 4 0 .6%。基于蜘蛛的数量、时空动态及与棉铃虫的配合程度认为 ,对棉铃虫起主要控制作用的为草间小黑蛛、温室希蛛和卷叶蛛 ,分别占蜘蛛总控制指数的 4 1 .3%,2 5 .2 %和1 0 .9%。其中 2代棉铃虫发生期 ,草间小黑蛛贡献最大 ,占 67.7%,3代棉铃虫发生期 ,温室希蛛和草间小黑蛛分别占 2 9.0 %和 2 5 .4 %的贡献率。 4代棉铃虫发生期温室希蛛起主要作用 ,占 4 5 .3%的贡献率。
A systematic survey of transgenic Bt cotton fields in Hebei Province during 1998～1999 showed that the total number of spiders was 3 984/100 plants, accounting for 49.7% of the total number of predators present. The dominant species, Achaearanea tepidariorum Koch, Pardosa tinsignita (Boes. et Str.), and Erigonnidium graminicolum (Sundevall), accounted for 53.6%, 16.7% and 18.6% of total spider numbers respectively. Analysis of the seasonal dynamics of spider populations showed that they were low in the early stages of the cotton growing season but built up quickly in the middle and late stages, reaching a peak of 454 spiders per 100 plants. Spatial dynamic analysis showed that spider numbers were much higher on the ground and lower parts of cotton plants (0.464 and 0.303, respectively) than on the middle or upper parts (0.067). A mathematical model incorporating each species' abundance and temporal and spatial niche indicated that, E. graminicolum exercised the most biological control, followed by A. tepidariorum and Dictyna sp.
出处
《昆虫知识》
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第2期160-163,共4页
Entomological Knowledge
基金
国家自然科学基金 ( 30 0 0 0 115 )
国家重点基础研究发展规划 (G2 0 0 0 0 16 2 0 9)项目资助
关键词
转BT基因棉
蜘蛛
时空动态
控害作用
Transgenic Bt cotton field, spider, temporal and spatial niche, control effect
