摘要
上海潮滩土地资源十分丰富,高程2m以上的滩涂面积为266km2,0m以上滩涂面积为896km2,-2m以上的滩涂面积为1513km2,-5m以上的滩涂面积达2699km2。这些淤积潮滩每年以20～350m的速度不断地向海淤涨。但以自然淤涨的速度与上海市建设需求的土地相比,仍然入不敷出。据统计,近50年来上海市圈围土地8.0×102km2,而城市建设占用农业耕地面积15×102km2。因此,必须通过人工促淤途径,加速中、低滩沼泽化和围涂造地的速度,扩大土地面积来满足上海城市建设和经济发展所需。但是,滩涂的开发要适度,要遵循自然演变的基本规律,同时需要与河口的综合开发治理和生态修复相结合。
Shanghai is abundant in coastal land resources. The tidal flat area is 266 km\+2 above 2 m, 2 882 km\+2 above -5 m, 1 513 km\+2 above -2 m and 896 km\+2 above 0 m elevation with progressive rate of 20～350 m/a towards the sea, but it can't meet the need of the city construction. Statistics showed that 8.0×10\+2 km\+2(8.0×10\+4 hm\+2) coastal land was reclaimed, and that 15×10\+2 km\+2(15×10\+4 hm\+2) arable land was occupied for the city construction in the last fifty years. The need of land has increased drastically with the development of economy and industry in Shanghai. Based on the abovementioned reasons, it is important to accelerate swamping process in the middle and lower flat by artificial means, and to satisfy the city construction and economic development by extending the land area. Since the reclaimed land is very important to the city, multiple approaches to accelerating siltation are proposed in this paper according to detailed study of hydrologic conditions, sediments transportation and landform evolution based on plentiful in situ data. For a sustainable exploitation, coastal reclamation should be moderate according to tidal flat evolution rules and integrated into Changjiang Estuary comprehensive regulation and ecological restoration.
出处
《长江流域资源与环境》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第1期17-22,共6页
Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin
基金
上海市科学技术委员会和市重点学科资助
No:99ZA14008.
