摘要
常用的定价方法主要是成本定价法、投资回报率法以及目标利润率方法等,但这些方法在使用时不易掌握,不能分析各类市场因素对价格水平的影响以及影响程度。为了能够在定价中综合考虑市场因素,根据优化理论建立了铁路货物运输市场价格模型,模型中以收入与支出的差额最大化为优化目标,以运输价格水平与货物的市场价格水平之间保持一定的比例为约束,其结果描述了各种因素与价格之间的关系,由此可以分析影响运价的价格弹性、各种运输方式的市场份额等主要因素的作用和影响,并通过具体示例进行了价格测算。
The methods typically used for pricing are mainly based on cost, return on investment and target profit. These methods is very difficult to master and analyze the influence of these factors on the price. In order to consider comprehensively the market factors in pricing, the author has built the pricing model based on the optimized theory. In the model, the maximum difference between the revenue and expenditure is taken as the optimizing target and the proper proportion between the transport price and the market price of the freight as the constraint, the results give the relations between each factor and the price. Thus the price elasticity that affects the price is analyzed and the impact of each transport mode and market share is described. Practical examples are taken for the calculation of price.
出处
《中国铁道科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第1期129-131,共3页
China Railway Science
