摘要
本文选择接触全身振功的采金工、卡车司机和拖拉机手共489人作为暴露组,非接振工人175人为对照组,进行职业流行病学研究,并对作业环境进行了振动测量。结果表明,拖拉机、卡车所致振动均超过ISO2631 8小时暴露极限。采金船振动也不安全。长期接触全身振动可引起腰椎退行性变,表现为低背痛和椎体边缘性唇样增生,且发生率与接振强度和时间有关。增生累及五个椎体,但以L_4和L_3高发。此外,暴露组还出现腰椎正常生理前凸缺失和Schmorl氏结节。胃部疾患和神经系统功能性改变也是全身振动长期影响下的重要问题。
489 gold miners, truck drivers and tractor drivers exposed to whole-body vibration (WBV) were chosen as the exposure group, and 175 workers unexposed to WBV as the control group for the study. Vibration at the workplaces was measured for evaluation. The results showed that the intensity of WBV given by tractors and trucks exceeded the Exposure Limit for 8 hrs. of ISO 2631, and that the vibration level of the dredges was perhaps unsafe. With long time expsure to high level vibration the degenerative changes of the lumbar vertebrae could be caused. The manifestations were low back pain and osteophytosis, of which the incidences showed correlation with the intensity and duration of WBV exposed.Five bodies of lumbar vertebrae could be affected, but disorders were prevalent in the upper parts of L4 and L3. Furthermore,disappearance of lumbar lordosis and Schmorl's nodule could be found in the exposure group. Gastric disorders and functional changes of nervous system were also the important results of effects by long-term WBV.
出处
《工业卫生与职业病》
CAS
CSCD
1992年第3期142-145,共4页
Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases
关键词
全身振动
流行病学
人体
不良影响
whole-body vibration
occupational epidemiological study
