摘要
在中度熟化的红壤上种植黑麦草 (冬种 )和玉米 (夏种 ) ,设 2个施肥处理 :(1 )单施化肥 ;(2 )沼肥 +化肥 ,黑麦草和玉米分别于开花期和乳熟期收割喂牛。试验证明 :不同施肥处理同一饲草的产草量和N ,P ,K ,Ca的积累量差异不大 ,但配施沼肥节省了 1 / 3化肥投入 ,其效益甚为显著。牛对不同施肥处理的同一饲草中养分的消化率及牛粪尿对饲草中养分的回收率也都差异不大 ,但牛对玉米中N和Ca的消化率较高 ,而对黑麦草中P和K的消化率较高 ;牛粪尿对养分的回收率正好相反。一头牛的粪尿经沼气发酵 ,其所保存的N ,P ,K养分可供生产一头肉牛所需牧草的近一半 ,即可节约化肥投入的近一半 ,且配施沼肥后 ,土壤肥力得以保持和改善 ,为后续的牧草生产提供了较好的土壤条件。
Rye grass and corn were cultivated in red soil of medium maturity in winter and summer season, respectively. Two fertilizer application treatments were adopted: (1) Chemical fertilizer only; (2) Chemical fertilizer and biogas fertilizer. Rye grass and corn were harvested to feed cattles at flowering and milk grain stage, respectively. The results showed: There was no significant difference of the effects of different fertilizers on yield and nutrient accumulation of the same forage, but the mixed application of chemical fertilizer and biogas fertilizer could save chemical fertilizer by 1/3. The same forage nutrient digestibility and recovery rate in the casttles excrements showed little difference in two-fertilizer treatments. But the cattles had higher N and Ca digestibility for corn, and higher P and K digestibility for rye grass, The forage nutrient recovery rate in cattle's excrement was contrary to the digestibility. N, P, K and Ca reserved in the fermentation residuals of the total excrements produced by one cattle in one year could supply about half of the total nutrients for the forage crop demanded by one cattle, saving about half of the input of the chemical fertilizers. Moreover, the application of biogas fertilizer could maintain and improve the soil fertility.
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2003年第1期80-83,共4页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
中澳合作"种草养牛"项目 (赣科发计字 2 0 0 1 1 1 8)
关键词
种草养牛
生态系统
沼气发酵
养分循环利用
ruminant production
ecosystem
biogas fermentation
nutrient cycling and utilization
