摘要
本文探讨了青藏高原水汽输送的路径,同时对若羌地区的降雨特征进行了分析。初步结论如下:1.有两条水汽输送途径:一条为东线,从孟加拉湾沿布拉马普特拉河和雅鲁藏布江向北进入高原的北部地区。印度洋的水汽可能沿此线到达若羌地区。另一条为西线,但随季节变化而不同。夏季,热带云系翻越喜马拉雅山进入高原;冬季,云团自巴基斯坦和阿富汗穿越帕米尔高原进入西藏阿里地区。2.近年来若羌地区的降雨开始增加。50年代年降雨量为16.2毫米,60年代为18.0毫米。70年代为20.3毫米,80年代为40.2毫米。3.若羌地区的年平均降雨量为23.8毫米。两次反常的暴雨发生于1981年和1988年7月,降雨量分别为73.5毫米和48.2毫米,导致了严重的洪水灾害。另外,本文还对青藏高原水汽输送路径与植被分布间的关系进行了探讨。
In this paper, the tracks of moisture transportation in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (Tibet) and some characteristic analyses of rainfall in Ruoqiang are discussed. Some preliminary conclusions are obtained as follows:1. There are two tracks of moisture transportation: one is the east way, or from Bay of Bengal, along the Brahmaputra and Yarlugzangbo Rivers northward into the northern region of the plateau. It is possible that the water vapour of the Indean Ocean goes along this way and arrive at Ruoqiang region. The other is the west way but it varies with the seasons. In summer the tropical cloud systems leap over the Himalaya Mountains into the plateau; during the late fall and early winter the cloud mass comes from Pakistan and Afghanistan through the Pamir Plateau and gets into Ngari Region in Tibet.2. The rainfall in Ruoqiang becomes increasing in recent years. The annual precipitation in the 1950s was 16. 2 mm, 18. 0 mm in the 1960s, 20. 3 mm in the 1970s and 40. 2 mm in the 1980s.3. The annual average precipitation in Ruoqiang is 23. 8 mm. The abnormal rainfall in July of 1981 and 1988 were 73. 5 mm and 48. 2 mm, respectively. They led to serious flood damages in Ruoqiang.In addition, the relationship between the tracks of moisture transportation and distribution of vege -tation in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau have been discussed.
出处
《干旱区研究》
CSCD
北大核心
1992年第2期1-7,共7页
Arid Zone Research
基金
中国科学院基金委重大项目成果
国家自然科学基金委重大项目成果
关键词
水汽输送
地生态
植被分布
Qinghai-Xizang
Ruoqiang
Moisture transportation
Geoecology
