摘要
目的 :研究新生儿先天性心脏病的类型及临床特点。方法 :对 1995～ 2 0 0 1年 6 1例新生儿先天性心脏病的彩色多普勒超声波特点进行分析 ,并随访 4例紫绀型先心病、12例非青紫型先心病患儿 3个月至 7年。结果 :非青紫型先心病 4 0例 (6 5 .6 % )最常见类型为室间隔缺损 (31.1% )、动脉导管未闭 (18.0 % )、房间隔缺损 (6 .6 % )、肺动脉瓣狭窄(1.6 % ) ;青紫型 2 1例 (34.4 % )中大动脉转位位居第一 (11.5 % )、第二位为法乐氏四联征 (8.2 % )、单心室 (6 .6 % )居第三位。经胎儿超声心动图产前诊断先心病 2例 ,1例为室间隔缺损 ,1例为单心室。新生儿先心病的临床表现主要为心脏杂音 (82 .0 % )、气促 (6 2 .3% )、持续性青紫 (34.4 % )。随访紫绀型先心 4例 ,均手术治疗 ,2例术后死亡 ;非青紫型患儿 12例 ,自愈 7例 ,3例手术矫正 ,2例未愈无并发症。结论 :为控制先心病胎儿的出生、降低婴幼儿的死亡率 ,应重视先心病的产前诊断并对重症患者终止妊娠 ,生后宜尽早行彩色多普勒超声检查以确诊。
Objective: To study the classification and the clinical features of neonatal congenital heart disease(NCHD). Methods:61 cases of NCHD diagnosed by Color Doppler Echocardiography from 1995 to 2001 were analyzed for classification. Four cases of cyanotic NCHD and 12 cases of non cyanotic NCHD were followed up for three months to seven years.Results:Non cyanotic NCHD were found in 40 cases (65.6%). The most common defects were ventricular septal defect (31.1%), patent ductus arteriosus (18.0%),atrial septal defect (6.6%), pulmonary stenosis (1.6%).Cyanotic NCHD were found in 21 cases(34 4%). The most common defects were transposition of great arteries (11.5%), tetralogy of Fallot (8.2%),single ventricle (6.6%).Tow cases of NCHD were detected prenatally by fatal Echocardiography,one of them was ventricular septal defect,another was single ventricle. The main clinical manifestations of NCHD were heart murmur (82.0%), breathe hard (62.3%),continuous cyanosis (34 4%). Four cases of cyanotic NCHD which had operation were followed up, two babies died. 12 cases of non cyanotic NCHD were followed up,seven babies recovered naturally,three babies had operation and two babies unrecovered but without any complication. Conclusion: In order to control the fetal CHD and reduce the death rate of infancy and childhood,CHD should be detected prenatally and the pregnancy should be terminate. NCHD should be diagnosed by Echocardiography as early as possible.
出处
《华夏医学》
2002年第6期747-749,共3页
Acta Medicinae Sinica
关键词
婴儿
新生儿
心脏病
彩色多普勒超声
infant
newborn
heart disease
color doppler echocardiography
