摘要
四川占据长江上游流域的主体,自然灾害频繁,人地矛盾突出,土地资源承载的压力大。但近几年耕地资源以每年5 47%的速度减少,自然灾毁使全省每年减少耕地近4000hm2,水土流失面积占全省总面积的41 2%,占长江上游流域面积的56 5%,平均侵蚀模数达4000～5000t/(hm2·a),土壤性质恶化,中低产田土占75%,工业"三废"污染范围大,中性和酸性土壤pH值继续下降,化肥用量超过生态安全标准的6～8倍,川西北草地病虫鼠害严重、草场退化。本文在分析四川土地退化现状的基础上,提出了挖掘土地生产潜力、创新农村土地使用制度、发展生态农业等主要对策。
Sichuan Province is located in a place of the main watershed of upper Changjiang River. By reason of diverse and complex environment in nature, a large amount of hazards happen frequently,and acute contradiction between humanity and land occurs in this province. Land resources sustain a huge pressure, but it decreases by 547 per cent in recent years. Cultivated land about 4000?hm2 reduces by catalysm every year. The area of water and soil loss arrives at 412 per cent of the total area of Sichuan Province, and it is equal to 565 per cent of the watershed of the upper Changjiang River. The mean errossion rate reaches 4000～5000?t/hm2. As a result, cultivated land is of middle or low yield land in Sichuan Province. Industrial waste being ventd, the pH of neuter and acid soil continues to fall. Utilization of chemical fertilizer surpasses 6～8 times of ecological safety in quantities. The hazard caused by plant disease, pest and mice threates the Northwest grassland in Sichuan Province, which is degradating. This paper puts forward essential countermeasures according to ststus of land degradation in Sichuan Province to a large extent,e.g.boosting agricultural potentiality, developing ecological agriculture and reforming land system etc.
出处
《四川农业大学学报》
CSCD
2002年第4期357-361,共5页
Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University
基金
国家863计划项目"智能化农业专家系统研究与开发"资助(990140046)。
