摘要
通过分析荒坡地新建果园5种优化模式的生态结构和功能表明,随重复种植的增加,5种间种模式土壤的有机质年均增加5％～20％,全N年增加7％～40％,全P年增加8％～70％,全K年增加15％～80％;顺坡垦植的土地水土流失严重,土壤侵蚀和地表径流第1年平均达1415.2t/km^2和790.7m^3/hm^2,花生-秋大豆水土保持最好,其次为春大豆-秋大豆、西红柿-白菜和辣椒-西红柿,其土壤平均侵蚀量和地表径流量与对照相比分别降低44.19％、38.24％、39.52％、37.56％和22.40％、9.28％、24.11％、21.16％。5种模式中辣椒-西红柿生物量最高,年均达10.028万kg/hm^2,其次是花生-秋大豆,年均达7.703万kg/hm^2,西红柿-白菜的生产力最高,达1.539万kg/hm^2,其次是辣椒-西红柿,达1.380万kg/hm^2;辣椒-西红柿投能效率最高,年均达2.96,其次为花生-秋大豆、西红柿-白菜、春大豆-秋大豆和早稻-红萝卜,分别为2.08、2.01、2.00和0.96,与对照相比辣椒-西红柿产出能最高,其次为花生-秋大豆、春大豆-秋大豆、西红柿-白菜和早稻-红萝卡,分别提高614.77％、433.01％、390.39％、316.07％和133.24％。
Ecological structure and function of 5 optimized models in newly built orchard in uncultivated slopping field are analyzed.The results show that organic matter increases by 5%-20%,total N increases by 7% ~40%,total P increases by 8%-70% and total K increases by 15%-80% every year.Good patterns in water and soil retaining are peanut-autumn soybean,spring soybean-autumn soybean,tomato-chinese cabbage,and cayenne-tomato,the soil average erosion module and runoff amount decrease respectively by 44.19%,38.24%,39.52%,37.56% and 22.40%,9.28%,24.11%,and 21.60% compared with CK.Cayenne-tomato is the highest in biomass,the average yearly is 100280 kg/hm2,the second is peanut-autumn soybean,the average yearly is 77030 kg/hm2.Tomato-chinese cabbage is the highest in productivity,the average yearly is 15390 kg/hm2,the second is cayenne-tomato,the average yearly is 13800 kg/hm2.Efficiency of energy introjection in order is cayenne-tomato,peanut-autumn soybean,tomato-chinese cabbage,spring soybean-autumn soybean,drought rice-red turnip.The averages of their total energy output/input ratios yearly are 2.96,2.08,2.01,2.00,and 0.96.
出处
《中国生态农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
2003年第1期135-138,共4页
Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
基金
中国科学院(KF-95-02)与广西壮族自治区"1211"项目共同资助
关键词
荒坡地
新建果园
间种模式
生态结构
生态功能
Sloping field,Newly built orchard,Intercropping model,Ecology structure
