摘要
经过连续几年的灌溉试验可知,应用2.5 g@L-1以下的低矿化水灌溉是安全的,超过此值土壤积盐和碱化明显.灌溉后,土壤中溶质运移受多因素影响.在阳离子分布中,水平方向Na+随灌溉水矿化度增大而增多,Ca2+、Mg2+变化不大;土壤剖面上,从表层至60 cm土层,先以Ca2+、Mg2+为主,过渡到Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+共同占优,再发展为以Na+占优.阴离子的分布中,水平方向,随灌溉水矿化度增大HCO3-增多;土壤剖面上,从表向里,先以Cl-或SO42-为主,过渡到C1-、SO42-、HCO3-均分局面,再发展以HCO3-占优.灌溉后土壤pH值在0~20 cm变化不明显,大于20 cm土层有一定增加.土壤中的SAR和ESP均以大于1.5 g@L-1的碱性低矿化水灌溉后增加明显,碱化层由下向上抬升,小麦田碱化速度快于玉米田.
The tests of several years irrigation showed that the safe degree of alkaline mineralized water was under 2.5 gL-1, or else, the salt accumulation and alkalization in soil were obvious. After irrigation, the soil solute migration was affected by many factors. In cation distribution, Na+ increased with the concentration of irrigation water and Ca2+, Mg2+ increased a little. In soil profile, from soil surface to 60 cm layer, Ca2+, Mg2+ were dominant, then Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and then Na+. In anion distribution, HCO3- added a lot with the concentration of irrigation water. In soil profile, from soil surface to deep, Cl- or SO42-was dominant then Cl-, SO42-, HCO3-, and then HCO3-. The soil pH varied little in 0~20cm soil and added a little in under 20 cm soil, The soil SAR and ESP increased obvi-ously after several years irrigation with above 1.5 gL-1 alkaline mineralized water, meanwhile, the alkalized soil layer was up from deep to surface, and the alkalization speed of wheat field was faster than maize抯.
出处
《土壤与环境》
CSCD
2002年第4期367-369,共3页
Soil and Environmental Sciences
基金
吉林省自然科学基金项目(922064-3)
