摘要
汉江三角洲开发较早,生产水平较高,人文地貌景观十分触目,自然本色大为改观。本文通过汉江三角洲系统空间结构的形成和时空过程分析,揭示其天然结构自组织的趋向性,指出其流通系统（河湖布局结构）自动调整与人工调整之间存在着某些方向性的差异。为建立汉江三角洲表层动态平衡系统提供导向性信息,为三角洲区域协调发展提供科学依据。
By analysing the formation and temporal and spatial processes of the form structure of the Hanjaing delta systen, this paper reveals the self-regulating tendency of its natural structure. And some discrepancies between self-adjusting and man-adjusting orientation are pointed. Thus some of the information for building a dynamic equilibrium system for the delta are suggested:
1. In the Hanjiang delta development history there are numerous channel crevasses which are an adjustor to flood disturbance. The channels, as some crevasses were blocked and embankments were constructed, were raised with great rapidity by deposition. The crevasse phenomenon tends to more high frequency.
2. As crevasse will form alluvial fan, channel bed and interstream area will be synchronous raised by deposition. So river level and land around the river will keep their relative elevations. This is another aspect for self-regulation of natural river. Thus it is an optimal strategy to set up flood-diversion areas warping in turn. From form structure of the Hanjing delta, the Diaocha lake, the Tongshun Stream-Pai la ke, and Neijing stream-Hong lake can be used to set up as flood-diversion areas.
3. As the lake levels on the delta is reduced increasingly with regulating the drainage system of the above three depressions and the area under cultivation is expanded rapidly, the development will change into the opposite-essential space of regulated flow will lose. So some hazards made by man occur there. Therefore, it is very important to expand lake appropriately by limiting cultivation in enclose land.
4. In delta process the distributary net develops from simple to complex, from bifurcating type to rejoining type, and then to a braided river reach. So does the formation of the rejoining net for the Hanjiang delta.
5. On the Hanjiang delta net recombination factor (α) values have the property of pulsating variation with increasing distance from apex to outer edge of the delta. The resonance may possibly be a reflection of net structure of the energy uniform dissipation produced by self-regulation of channel system and also an expression of the system tending to dynamic equilibrium.
出处
《地理学报》
EI
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
1992年第6期516-525,共10页
Acta Geographica Sinica
基金
自然科学基金资助项目内容之一。
关键词
汉江
三角洲
分流河网
时空过程
Hanjing delta
Distribution network
Topologic property
Temporal and spatial processes
