摘要
60年代对南方各省雾作了一次普查,近年来又对云南西双版纳,四川成都、重庆、浙江舟山及上海等地雾进行了野外综合探测。本文利用这些探测资料及多年常规气象记录,分析了雾的时空分布、微物理结构和大气边界层的温湿条件,研究了辐射雾的形成、发展、成熟和消亡的物理过程。
Investigations were made on the fogs in the provinces in Southwest China and the Chang-Jiang River basin in 1960's. Recently a comprehensive survey in the open air has been finished in a few areas such as Xishuangbanna in Yunnan Province, Chengdu and Chongqing in Si-chuan Province, Zhoushan in Zhejiang Province, and Shanghai City. This paper uses these data and other meteorological information to analyse the temporal-spatial distribution, micro-physical structure and temperature-humidity conditions of land-fog in Southwest China and the Changjiang River basin, and to study the formation, development, mature and dissipation of ra-diation fogs.
1)The main areas which have frequent occurrence of fogs are mountainous areas and the areas between 25?30.Radiation fog frequently appears in autumn in the inland areas, and it appears frequently in spring on coastal areas. The period that fog sustains is longer in the moutainous areas than in the plain areas.
2) Since 1976, Compared with 15 years ago,the number of fog days has no obvious changes in Shanghai City and Chongqing City,but the number of fog days has obvious chan-ges in many middle, small cities on the upper reaches of the Changjiang River. These show that, with the development of cities, the atmospheric pollutants have been increased, which provides the suitable conditions for the formation of fogs. Because of the development of big cities, the effects of warm islands, dry islands have been strengthened,which hinders the for-mation of fog.
3) The atmospheric pollution in cities affects the physical and chemical structure of fogs. The number of fogs is increased, the size is decreased, the fog water is more acid.
4)The development of fogs can be divided into four stages:formation, development, ma-ture and dissipation. At the different development stages, the micro- and macro- structure of
fog are different because of the evolution of temperature strafication in the lower atmos-phere.
出处
《地理学报》
EI
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
1992年第3期242-251,共10页
Acta Geographica Sinica
