摘要
目的分析锥形束CT(CBCT)评估上颌窦窦口解剖参数对上颌窦提升术的临床价值。方法回顾性分析2024年1—12月于医院行上颌窦提升术的101例患者(共178侧上颌窦)的临床资料,术前均以CBCT测量并记录上颌窦窦口的解剖参数(包括上颌窦窦口直径、窦口距离窦底高度、窦底黏膜厚度、窦口所在牙位及上颌窦副口、窦口阻塞、上颌后牙缺失情况);分析年龄、性别、上颌后牙缺失情况与上颌窦窦底黏膜厚度的关系,上颌窦副口与发生上颌窦窦口阻塞的关系,上颌窦窦口直径、窦口距离窦底高度与上颌窦窦底黏膜厚度的相关性,并比较不同上颌窦窦底黏膜厚度间窦口距离窦底高度的差异。结果178侧上颌窦的窦口直径为(2.22±0.69)mm,窦口距离窦底高度为(28.16±5.35)mm,窦底黏膜厚度为1.6(0.9,3.0)mm;窦口常见于第二前磨牙,上颌窦副口发生率为8.43%,窦口阻塞发生率为1.69%,上颌后牙缺失发生率为51.12%。上颌窦窦底黏膜厚度随年龄增长呈增加趋势,男性上颌窦窦底黏膜厚度大于女性(P<0.05)。存在上颌窦副口组的窦口阻塞发生率为(13.33%)高于不存在上颌窦副口组(0.61%)。在91侧无上颌后牙缺失和87侧上颌后牙缺失患者中,窦口直径均与上颌窦窦底黏膜厚度呈负相关(r<0,P<0.05),窦口距离窦底高度均与上颌窦窦底黏膜厚度无相关性(P>0.05)。结论上颌窦窦口直径与上颌窦窦底黏膜厚度呈负相关,窦口狭窄可能伴随黏膜代偿性增厚,且上颌窦窦底黏膜厚度受年龄和性别因素影响。术前利用CBCT综合评估上颌窦窦口解剖结构,有助于识别手术高风险患者,对制定个体化手术方案、降低手术相关并发症风险具有重要的临床指导意义。
Objective To analyze the clinical value of cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)in evaluating the anatomical parameters of the maxillary sinus ostium for maxillary sinus augmentation.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 101 patients(178 maxillary sinuses in total)who underwent maxillary sinus augmentation in our hospital from January 2024 to December 2024.Preoperatively,CBCT was used to measure and record the anatomical parameters of the maxillary sinus ostium,including the ostial diameter,the height from the ostium to the sinus floor,the thickness of the sinus floor mucosa,the tooth position corresponding to the ostium,accessory maxillary sinus ostia,ostial obstruction,and the status of posterior maxillary tooth loss.The correlations of age,gender and posterior maxillary tooth loss with the thickness of the maxillary sinus floor mucosa were analyzed,as well as the relationship between accessory sinus ostia and ostial obstruction.The correlations of ostial diameter and the height from the ostium to the sinus floor with mucosal thickness were also assessed.In addition,the height from the ostium to the sinus floor was compared among patients with different thicknesses of the maxillary sinus floor mucosa.Results The ostial diameter of the 178 maxillary sinuses was(2.22±0.69)mm,the height from the ostium to the sinus floor was(28.16±5.35)mm,and the mucosal thickness of the sinus floor was 1.6(0.9,3.0)mm.Most ostia were located at the second premolar region.The incidence rates of accessory maxillary sinus ostia,ostial obstruction,and posterior maxillary tooth loss were 8.43%,1.69%,and 51.12%,respectively.The thickness of the maxillary sinus floor mucosa increased with advancing age,and males exhibited a thicker maxillary sinus floor mucosa than females(P<0.05).The incidence of ostial obstruction in the group with accessory maxillary sinus ostia was 13.33%,which was higher than 0.61%in the group without accessory maxillary sinus ostia.Among the 91 sides without posterior maxillary tooth loss and the 87 sides with posterior maxillary tooth loss,the ostial diameter was negatively correlated with the maxillary sinus floor mucosal thickness(r<0,P<0.05),whereas the ostium-to-sinus floor height showed no significant correlation with mucosal thickness(P>0.05).Conclusions The ostial diameter of the maxillary sinus is negatively correlated with the thickness of the maxillary sinus floor mucosa.Narrowed sinus ostia may be accompanied by compensatory mucosal thickening,and the mucosal thickness is affected by age and gender.Preoperative comprehensive evaluation of the anatomical structure of the maxillary sinus ostium using CBCT helps identify patients at high surgical risk.It is of important clinical significance for formulating individualized surgical protocols and reducing the risk of surgery-related complications.
作者
伍丹杰
刘凯捷
Wu Danjie;Liu Kaijie(Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou)
出处
《医疗装备》
2026年第5期1-5,共5页
Medical Equipment
关键词
上颌窦窦口解剖参数
锥形束CT
上颌窦提升术
Anatomical parameters of maxillary sinus ostium
Cone-beam computed tomography
Maxillary sinus augmentation
