摘要
民用飞机有杆牵引车作为机场地勤不可或缺的重要设备,承担着飞机牵引、转移等关键任务,其重量的选择直接关系到牵引作业的安全性和稳定性。施加于飞机的牵引力,实质是地面对牵引车驱动车轮的反作用力,故而牵引车越重,所产生的牵引力越大,越有可能对飞机结构造成冲击损伤。反之,牵引车过轻,则无法提供足够的牵引力拉动飞机,降低机场运营效率。因此,提出了一种牵引车重量选择方法,通过工程简化的飞机牵引力学模型,将牵引力表述为飞机重量、地面坡度、发动机推力等物理量的函数,再利用地面摩擦系数计算出牵引车重量,可为机务人员选择牵引车提供参考,对保障机场地面安全运营具有重要意义。
As an indispensable piece of ground support equipment at airports,civil aircraft towbar tractors undertake critical tasks such as aircraft towing and relocation.The selection of their weight not only affects the safety and stability of operations but also directly impacts work efficiency and cost control.The towing force applied to the aircraft is essentially the tractive force of the ground on the tractor’s drive wheels.Therefore,the heavier the tractor,the greater the towing force it can generate,which may potentially cause impact damage to the aircraft structure.Conversely,if the tractor is too light,it cannot provide sufficient towing force to move the aircraft,affecting airport operational efficiency.To avoid situations of over-specification or under-specification of the tractor’s weight,this paper proposed a method for selecting the weight of the tractor.By analyzing the forces during uniform linear towing,this paper simplifies the towing force into a function of the aircraft's weight,ground slope,engine thrust,and other physical quantities.The weight of the tractor is then derived using the ground friction coefficient,which is of significant importance for enhancing the actual operational capacity of airports.
作者
杨楠山
袁新浩
李文武
YANG Nanshan;YUAN Xinhao;LI Wenwu(Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Shanghai 201210,China)
出处
《民用飞机设计与研究》
2026年第1期157-161,共5页
Civil Aircraft Design & Research
