摘要
目的分析河南省安阳市居民健康素养水平变化趋势和影响因素,为调整和完善健康促进策略提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,2022—2024年抽取安阳市15~69岁常住居民进行健康素养问卷调查,采用二元单因素和多因素logistic回归模型分析影响居民健康素养水平的相关因素。结果经加权调整,2022—2024年安阳市15~69岁居民健康素养水平分别为32.63%、33.64%、34.28%,平均增长速度为2.50%。以2024年数据为例,多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,以农村地区为参照,城市地区15~69周岁居民健康素养水平OR值(95%CI)为1.432(1.423~1.440);以65~69岁为参照,15~<25岁、25~<35岁、35~<45岁、45~<55岁、55~<65岁组居民健康素养水平OR值(95%CI)分别为4.382(4.312~4.454)、3.671(3.618~3.725)、3.017(2.973~3.061)、2.327(2.295~2.360)、1.628(1.605~1.652);以小学及以下文化程度为参照,初中、高中/职高/中专、大专及以上文化程度健康素养水平OR值(95%CI)分别为3.325(3.292~3.358)、5.495(5.435~5.555)、10.147(10.029~10.267);以农民/工人为参照,公务员/教师/事业单位人员、医务人员、学生的健康素养水平OR值(95%CI)分别为2.628(2.601~2.656)、5.406(5.311~5.502)、0.986(CI:0.974~0.998);以患慢性病人群为参照,未患慢性病人群的健康素养水平OR值(95%CI)为1.154(1.145~1.164);以健康自评差的人群为参照,健康自评好和一般居民健康素养水平OR值(95%CI)分别为1.408(1.384~1.433)、1.232(1.211~1.253)。结论2022—2024年安阳市居民健康素养水平呈上升趋势,老年人、低文化程度水平人群、农民/工人、患慢性病人群是今后安阳市开展健康教育和健康促进工作的重点人群,未来应根据人群特征提供更加个性化的健康教育和健康促进服务。
Objective To analyze the changing trends and influencing factors of health literacy level among the residents in Anyang City,Henan Province,so as to provide evidence for adjusting and improving health promotion strategies.Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was adopted to select the participants from the permanent residents aged 15-69 years in Anyang City from 2022 to 2024 for a health literacy questionnaire survey.Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression models were used to analyze the factors influencing residents'health literacy level.Results After weighted adjustment,the health literacy levels among the residents aged 1569 years in Anyang City from 2022 to 2024 were 32.63%,33.64%,and 34.28%,respectively.The average growth rate was 2.50%.Based on the 2024 data,multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that as follows:compared with ruralareas,the OR(95%Cl)value of health literacy among the urban residents aged 1569 was 1.432(1.4231.440);compared with the 6569 years'age group,the 0R(95%Cl)values for the 15-<25,25<35,35<45,45-<55 and 55<65 years'age groups were 4.382(4.3124.454),3.671(3.6183.725),3.017(2.9733.061),2.327(2.2952.360)and 1.628(1.6051.652),respectively;compared with those with primary school education or below,the OR(95%Cl)values for the residents with junior high school,senior high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school and college education or above were 3.325(3.2923.358),5.495(5.4355.555)and 10.147(10.02910.267),respectively;compared with farmers/workers the OR(95%Cl)values for civil servants/teachers/public institution staff,healthcare workers,and students were 2.628(2.6012.656),5.406(5.3115.502)and 0.986(0.9740.998),respectively;compared with the residents with chronic diseases,the 0R(95%Cl)value for those without chronic diseases was 1.154(1.1451.164);compared with the residents having poor selfrated health,the OR(95%CI)values for those having good and average self-rated health were 1.408(1.3841.433)and 1.232(1.2111.253),respectively Conclusions The health literacy level among the residents in Anyang City showed a steady upward trend from 2022 to 2024.Elderly people,people with low educational attainment,farmers/workers,and residents with chronic diseases are the key populations for future health education and promotion efforts in Anyang.Personalized health education and promotion services should be provided based on population characteristics to further improve residents'health literacy.
作者
王书娟
郭中正
张爽
刘玉贤
贺海防
WANG Shujuan;GUO Zhongzheng;ZHANG Shuang;LIU Yuxian;HE Haifang(A nyang Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Anyang,Henan 455000,China)
出处
《现代疾病预防控制》
2026年第4期275-280,共6页
MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION
关键词
健康素养
变化情况
影响因素
健康素养监测
安阳市
Health literacy
Change situation
Influencing factors
Health literacy monitoring
Anyang City
