摘要
聚丙烯酸酯成膜致密,用作纺织品或皮革涂层时会降低透湿性,且因残留的表面活性剂导致耐水性较差。以杂环阳离子双子表面活性剂为致孔剂、聚苯乙烯微球为模板,制备了介孔中空SiO_(2)微球,并将其用于提升聚丙烯酸酯薄膜的耐水透湿性能,系统考察了表面活性剂亲水头基极性与疏水链长对微球形貌及薄膜性能的影响。结果表明,所得微球具有约200 nm的空腔和2~3 nm的壳层介孔孔径。微球比表面积随亲水头基极性或疏水链长增大而增大。相较于纯聚丙烯酸酯薄膜,复合薄膜的耐水性与透湿性能显著提升,主要得益于介孔中空SiO_(2)微球的引入。表面活性剂结构可调控膜的性能:高极性亲水头基有利于形成规整孔道,协同提升耐水性与透湿性;而过长的疏水链虽可增强耐水性,但会因孔道曲折而略微降低透湿效率。
Polyacrylate forms a dense film,which reduces moisture permeability when used in textiles or leather coating.Additionally,residual surfactants lead to poor hydrophobicity.To address the above problems,mesoporous hollow SiO_(2)microspheres are prepared using heterocyclic cationic gemini surfactants as pore-forming agents and polystyrene microspheres as templates,and are applied to enhance the hydrophobicity and moisture permeability of polyacrylate films.The effects of surfactant hydrophilic head group polarity and hydrophobic chain length on microsphere morphology and film performance are systematically investigated.The results show that the microspheres feature approximately 200 nm cavities and 2-3 nm shell mesoporous pore sizes.As the hydrophilic head group polarity or hydrophobic chain length increases,the specific surface area of the microspheres also increases.Compared to pure polyacrylate films,the composite films exhibit significantly improved hydrophobicity and moisture permeability,primarily due to the introduction of mesoporous hollow SiO_(2)microspheres.The degree of performance improvement is influenced by surfactant structure:highly polar hydrophilic head groups facilitate the formation of ordered pores,synergistically enhancing hydrophobicity and moisture permeability;while excessively long hydrophobic chains,though boosting hydrophobicity,slightly reduce moisture permeability efficiency due to pore tortuosity.
作者
王懿
鲍艳
王飞彤
高璐
WANG Yi;BAO Yan;WANG Feitong;GAO Lu(College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering(College of Flexible Electronics),Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710021,Shaanxi,China;Shangluo Vocational and Technical College,Shangluo 726000,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《印染》
北大核心
2026年第4期60-64,74,共6页
China Dyeing and Finishing
基金
深圳市承接国家重大科技项目协同创新专项(CJGJZD202307240921590022024)。
