摘要
《国务院办公厅关于践行大食物观构建多元化食物供给体系的意见》指出:“树立大农业观、大食物观,农林牧渔并举,构建多元化食物供给体系,是党中央提出的明确要求,是保障粮食和重要农产品稳定安全供给的客观要求和重要举措。”党的二十届四中全会提出,“加快农业农村现代化,扎实推进乡村全面振兴”与“加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型,建设美丽中国”。因受到历史积淀的影响,学界长期以来多关注草本农业方面的研究,对客观存在的木本农业却少有人提及,而木本农业对树立大农业观、大食物观,加快农业农村现代化与经济社会发展全面绿色转型具有重大的价值。与学界同仁多次会商之后,大家都深有同感。为此,我们特组织了此次“木本农业的比较优势”笔谈,意在澄清从事木本农业经营相较从事草本农业经营而言,客观存在着众多比较优势。杨庭硕教授从木本农业经营的对象树墩入手,阐明了木本农业生产过程中强大的再生功能,相比于草本农业经营,木本农业最为显著的比较优势是“变废为宝”。龙春林教授从自己在云南省和西南其他地区长期开展的人文植物学调查与研究出发,论述了混农林系统中,生态优势彰显木本农业之巨大价值。崔明昆教授认为木本农业代表着一种向森林生态系统转型的农业模式,是最接近自然生态系统的农业类型,具有极高的生态效益和较高的经济效益。王普昶教授提出木本作物具有种植周期慢、生长期长的生物学特性,以传统嫁接为代表的营养繁殖技术,在应对市场剧变中具有独特价值。张振兴博士提出葛乃木本农业最佳配种作物、最佳的土壤改良先锋作物、最佳辅粮作物,弘扬和推广葛类作物的栽培和高效利用,可望推动一系列新质生产力和生产关系的形成,为我国生态文明建设提供成功范例。我们期望通过上述讨论,深入发掘木本农业的比较优势,为我国当下发展新质生产力、重构人与自然和谐关系、保障粮食安全与构建多元化食物供给体系,提供有益的借鉴与启示。
“Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Practicing the Concept of Diversified Food Sources and Building a Diversified Food Supply System”points out that“establishing the concepts of grand agriculture and diversified food sources,promoting the coordinated development of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery and building a diversified food supply system are clear requirements put forward by the Communist Party of China Central Committee,as well as objective requirements and important measures to ensure the stable and safe supply of grain and important agricultural products.”The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to“accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and solidly advance the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas”and“accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development and build a beautiful China”.Due to the constraints of historical legacies,the academic community has long focused more on research related to herbaceous agriculture while paying little attention to the objectively existing woody agriculture.However,woody agriculture is of great value for establishing the concepts of grand agriculture and diversified food sources,accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas,and promoting the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development.After multiple discussions with colleagues in the academic community,we all share this deep feeling.To this end,we have specifically organized this written discussion themed“The Comparative Advantages of Woody Agriculture”,aiming to clarify that there are objectively many comparative advantages in engaging in woody agricultural operations compared with herbaceous agricultural operations.Professor Yang Tingshuo starts with the stumps,which are the objects of woody agricultural management,and clarifies the strong regenerative function in the woody agricultural production process.Compared with herbaceous agricultural operations,the most prominent comparative advantage of woody agriculture lies in its ability to“turn waste into treasure”.Based on his long-term ethnobotanical surveys and research in Yunnan Province and other areas in Southwest China,Professor Long Chunlin discusses that in the agroforestry system the ecological advantages highlight the great value of woody agriculture.Professor Cui Mingkun holds that woody agriculture represents an agricultural model transitioning to the forest ecosystem and it is the type of agriculture closest to the natural ecosystem,with extremely high ecological benefits and relatively high economic benefits.Professor Wang Puchang points out that woody crops have the biological characteristics of Column host’s remarks:slow planting cycle and long growth period and the vegetative propagation technology represented by traditional grafting has unique value in responding to drastic market changes.Dr.Zhang Zhenxing proposes that kudzu is the best companion crop for woody agriculture,the best pioneer crop for soil improvement and the best supplementary grain crop.Promoting the cultivation and efficient utilization of kudzu crops is expected to drive the formation of a series of new productive forces and production relations,and provide a successful example for China’s ecological civilization construction.We hope that through the above discussions we can further explore the comparative advantages of woody agriculture and provide useful references and inspirations for China’s current development of new productive forces,reconstruction of the harmonious relationship between humans and nature,guarantee of food security and construction of a diversified food supply system.
作者
杨庭硕
龙春林
崔明昆
王普昶
张振兴
YANG Tingshuo;LONG Chunling;CUI Mingkun;WANG Puchang;ZHANG Zhenxing
出处
《贵州民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》
2026年第2期1-33,共33页
Journal of Guizhou Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
2024年度国家社科基金一般项目“复兴木本农业在西南地区乡村振兴中的价值研究”(24BMZ024)阶段性成果
2024年度国家社科基金后期资助项目“贵州少数民族融入中华民族共同体的地方文献整理与研究”(24FMZB002)阶段性成果
2025年农业农村部国际交流服务中心项目“GIAHS生物多样性及生态系统功能研究”(2025QT015)
2025年度国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目“古巴主要粮食和经济作物中起源于中国的植物种质资源”(W2523057)
2023年度云南省科技人才与平台计划项目“云南省龙春林专家工作站”(202305AF150121)阶段性成果
2023年度国家社科基金青年项目“西南各民族‘小作物’农耕文化的‘大食物观’研究”(23CMZ043)阶段性成果
2022年度贵州省高层次创新人才项目“百层次人才”(黔科合平台人才-GCC[2022]022)阶段性成果。
关键词
大农业观
木本农业
比较优势
新质生产力
人与自然和谐
粮食安全
grand agricultural outlook
woody agriculture
comparative advantage
new productive forces
harmony between humans and nature
food security
