摘要
某型18 t级厢式垃圾车在运营过程中,出现了副车架纵梁疲劳开裂现象,为探究其失效原因,综合运用断口分析、有限元仿真与疲劳寿命预测等方法,对裂纹的产生和扩大机制进行研究。研究发现,副车架第三横梁焊件与纵梁的未完全焊接导致应力集中效应显著,在循环载荷作用下引发疲劳裂纹产生与扩展。基于此,提出了一种结构-工艺协同优化方案:通过横梁加长设计与工艺孔设置改善力流传递路径,辅以焊接顺序优化与局部加强设计,实现应力分布的合理化重构。仿真验证表明,优化后结构最大应力降幅达50%,疲劳寿命提升至原来的4.7倍。该方案为专用车辆关键承力结构的抗疲劳设计提供了理论依据与工程实践参考。
During the operation of an 18t van garbage truck,the sub-frame longitudinal beam fatigue crack appeared.To explore the failure cause,the crack generation and expansion mechanism was studied by comprehensively using fracture analysis,finite element simulation and fatigue life prediction methods.It is found that incomplete welding of the third crossbeam weldment and the longitudinal beam of the sub-frame results in significant stress concentration effect,which causes fatigue crack generation and expansion under the action of cyclic load.Based on this,a collaborative optimization scheme of structure-process is proposed:improving the force flow transmission path through the beam lengthening design and the process hole arrangement,and realizing the reasonable reconstruction of the stress distribution by the optimization of welding sequence and local strengthening design.The simulation results show that the maximum stress drop of the optimized structure is up to 50%,and the fatigue life is increased to 4.7 times of the original one.The proposed scheme provides theoretical basis and engineering practice reference for fatigue resistance design of key bearing structure of special purpose vehicle.
作者
肖海清
刘皓程
曾海军
陈诚
陶湘厅
Xiao Haiqing;Liu Haocheng;Zeng Haijun;Chen Cheng;Tao Xiangting(CRRC Electric Vehicle Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412007,China)
出处
《专用汽车》
2026年第4期29-31,共3页
Special Purpose Vehicle
关键词
厢式垃圾车
副车架
疲劳开裂
结构优化
焊接工艺
Van garbage truck
Sub-frame
Fatigue cracking
Structural optimization
Welding technology
