摘要
目的分析稀土作业工人尿液稀土元素水平与肺功能损伤的关联,为该人群肺功能损伤的早期预防和干预提供科学依据。方法采用横断面研究,纳入2024年7―9月包头市某稀土加工厂参加职业健康体检的在岗工人作为研究对象。通过问卷调查收集人口学特征、生活方式和职业史等信息,对研究对象进行肺功能检测,将其分为正常组和异常组。利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测尿液中15种稀土元素水平,并以尿肌酐进行浓度校正。采用χ^(2)检验和多因素logistic回归分析模型分析稀土作业工人尿液稀土元素水平与肺功能损伤的关联。结果共纳入93名稀土作业工人,其中肺功能异常检出率为26.88%(25/93)。15种稀土元素中,9种稀土元素的检出率均>95.00%,经肌酐校正后的中位浓度范围为0.019~6.125μg/g·Cr。χ^(2)检验结果显示,尿液中钕元素水平在肺功能正常和异常组分布的差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.171,P=0.041)。多因素logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示,校正年龄、性别、吸烟等潜在混杂因素后,尿液中钕高暴露与肺功能异常风险之间存在正相关(aOR=2.95,95%CI:1.04~8.31,P=0.041)。结论稀土作业工人尿液中钕高暴露可能是导致肺功能损伤的影响因素。建议对稀土作业工人定期监测,通过早期筛查和加强职业防护等措施,降低肺部疾病发生风险。
Objective This study aims to analyze the association between urinary rare earth elements levels and lung function impairment in rare earth workers,providing scientific evidence for early prevention and intervention of lung function damage in this population.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2024,including on-duty workers undergoing occupational health examinations at a rare earth processing plant in Baotou.Demographic characteristics,lifestyle,and occupational history information were collected via questionnaires.Lung function tests were conducted to categorize workers into normal and abnormal groups.Urinary levels of 15 rare earth elements were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and normalized to urine creatinine.The association between urinary rare earth element levels and lung function impairment was analyzed using chisquare tests and multivariable logistic regression models.Results A total of 93 rare earth workers were included,with a lung function abnormality detection rate of 26.88%(25/93).Among the 15 rare earth elements,9 had a detection rate of>95.00%,with creatinine-adjusted median concentrations ranging from O.019 to 6.125μg/g·Cr.Theχ^(2)test showed a statistically significant difference in urinary Neodymium(Nd)levels between the normal and abnormal lung function groups(χ^(2)=4.171,P=0.O41).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated a significant positive association between high urinary Nd exposure and the risk of lung function abnormality,after adjusting for potential confounders such as age,gender,and smoking(aOR=2.95,95%CI:1.04-8.31,P=0.041).Conclusions High urinary Nd exposure may be a contributing factor to lung function impairment in rare earth workers.Regular monitoring of rare earth workers,along with early screening and enhanced occupational protection,is recommended to reduce the risk of pulmonary diseases.
作者
董雨婷
王琳琳
黄丽华
DONG Yuting;WANG Linlin;HUANG Lihua(School of Public Health,Baotou Medical College,Baotou 014040,China;The Third Workers'Hospital of Baotou Steel Company,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Baotou 014010,China;School of Public Health,Shantou University,Shantou 515041,China)
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
北大核心
2026年第3期361-367,共7页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
基金
国家自然科学基金(82160630,82373624)
内蒙古自然科学基金(2023LHMS08010)
包头医学院公共卫生与预防医学博士点研究基金(BYJJ-GWZX202505)
包头医学院创新团队(BTCXTD-09)。
关键词
稀土元素
尿液
肺功能损伤
钕
Rare earth elements
Urine
Pulmonary function impairment
Neodymium
