摘要
Small RNAs(sRNAs)are important non-coding RNAs that usually play crucial roles in gene expression at the post-transcriptional level.The sRNAs have mostly been investigated in model microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and some pathogens.Nevertheless,microbial sRNAs from extreme environments such as the polar regions and deep sea have recently been discovered and analyzed for their unique roles in stress response,metabolic regulation and adaptation to extreme environments.These sRNAs fine-tune gene expression during oxidative and radiation stress,and modulate temperature and osmotic pressure responses.Representative sRNAs and their functions in thermophilic,psychrophilic,halophilic and radiation-tolerant bacteria are summarized in this review.Despite challenges in sample collection,RNA isolation,and functional annotation,the study of sRNAs in extreme environments provides opportunities for discovering novel regulatory mechanisms,applying them to biotechnology,and advancing our understanding of evolutionary adaptations.Looking ahead,high-throughput sequencing,synthetic biology,and multi-omics integration will bring new breakthroughs in discovering novel sRNAs and their functions and regulatory mechanisms.Such advancements are poised to enable comprehensive characterization of sRNA-mediated regulatory networks in extremophiles and unlock their biotechnological potential through mechanism-driven applications.
基金
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.42476264,41976224).
