摘要
目的了解疫苗接种策略实施后甘肃省陇南市流行性腮腺炎(简称流腮)的流行特征及变化,为流腮防控提供科学依据。方法基于中国传染病监测报告管理系统的数据,采用描述流行病学方法,应用SPSS 25.0、SaTScan 9.4软件分析2008—2023年流腮病例的分布特征。结果2008—2023年陇南市报告流腮病例9672例,年均报告发病率为23.42/10万,总体呈现下降趋势(趋势χ^(2)=61.486,P<0.01)。发病有明显的季节特征,每年4—7月和10月—次年1月为发病高峰。报告病例年龄主要集中在20岁以下、占83.97%,且该年龄段男性报告发病率高于女性(χ^(2)=196.542,P<0.01);≥20岁的女性报告发病率高于男性(χ^(2)=46.609,P<0.01)。职业分布以学生为主、占63.49%,农民、托幼儿童的发病构成比上升,学生的发病构成比下降。徽县、成县及相邻的两当县、康县的报告发病率相对较高,存在空间聚集性。结论2008—2023年陇南市流腮发病总体下降,2剂次“麻腮风”联合减毒活疫苗接种策略实施后下降更为明显,发病人群特征出现新变化,且存在明显空间聚集性。
Objective To understand the changes in the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Longnan City following the implementation of vaccination strategies,and to provide a scientific basis for mumps prevention and control.Methods Based on data from the Chinese Infectious Disease Surveillance Reporting System,descriptive epidemiological methods were employed to analyze the distribution characteristics of mumps cases from 2008 to 2023,through SPSS 25.0 and SaTScan 9.4 software.Results From 2008 to 2023,a total of 9672 mumps cases were reported in Longnan City,with an average annual reported incidence rate of 23.42/100000,showing an overall downward trend(Trendχ^(2)=61.486,P<0.01).A distinct seasonal pattern was observed,with incidence peaks occurring from April to July and from October to January of the following year.Reported cases were primarily concentrated in individuals under 20 years of age,accounting for 83.97%of the total.Within this age group,the reported incidence rate was higher in males than that in females(χ^(2)=196.542,P<0.01).Conversely,among individuals aged 20 years and older,the reported incidence rate was higher in females than that in males(χ^(2)=46.609,P<0.01).Students constituted the majority of cases(63.49%).The proportion of cases among farmers and children in childcare facilities increased,while the proportion among students decreased.The reported incidence rates were relatively higher in Hui County,Cheng County,and the adjacent Liangdang County and Kang County,indicating spatial clustering.Conclusions The incidence of mumps in Longnan City showed an overall decline from 2008 to 2023,with a more pronounced decrease observed after the implementation of the two-dose measles,mumps,and rubella(MMR)combined attenuated live vaccine strategy.Changes were noted in the characteristics of the affected population,and significant spatial clustering was evident.
作者
张瑾荣
王小军
蔡玉成
李辉
童波波
郑小红
ZHANG Jin-rong;WANG Xiao-jun;CAI Yu-cheng;LI Hui;TONG Bo-bo;ZHENG Xiao-hong(Longnan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Longnan Health Inspection Institute),Longnan,Gansu 746000,China)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2026年第1期42-47,共6页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
基金
甘肃省疾病预防控制科研计划项目(GSJKKY2025-31)
2024年陇南市社会化出资科技计划项目(2024Z31)。
