摘要
目的了解2024年重庆市大足区登革热媒介伊蚊季节消长规律,以及白纹伊蚊幼虫对常用卫生杀虫剂的抗药性水平,为制定精准防控策略提供科学依据。方法伊蚊幼虫与成蚊监测分别采用布雷图指数法与双层叠帐法,采用幼虫浸渍法测定伊蚊幼虫对常用杀虫剂的抗药性。结果2024年重庆市大足区平均布雷图指数为4.87,平均容器指数为2.28%,平均帐诱指数为0.53只/(顶·h);伊蚊活动呈现明显季节性,4月开始活动,6—9月为高峰期,8月达到峰值,各虫态密度在此期间均升高;布雷图指数农村居民区(6.00)高于城镇居民区(3.74)(F=6.532,P<0.05)。成蚊均为白纹伊蚊,旧轮胎堆放/废品站/工地密度最高;白纹伊蚊幼虫对溴氰菊酯高抗性(抗性倍数66.00),对高效氯氰菊酯中等抗性(抗性倍数25.88),对双硫磷敏感。结论大足区存在登革热传播风险;应加强孳生地清理和成蚊杀灭工作,其中农村居民区、城镇废旧轮胎堆放地等需重点防控。幼虫抗药性,建议停止使用溴氰菊酯,限制高效氯氰菊酯使用,推行轮换用药和混合施药策略,并持续开展伊蚊生态学及抗药性监测,以精准防控。
Objective To investigate the seasonal population dynamics of dengue vector Aedes mosquitoes and the resistance levels of Aedes albopictus larvae to commonly used public health insecticides in Dazu District,Chongqing,in 2024,providing a scientific basis for formulating precise control strategies.Methods Larval and adult mosquito surveillance was conducted through the Breteau Index(BI)method and the double-layered mosquito net method,respectively.Larval immersion bioassays were employed to determine the insecticide resistance of Aedes larvae.Results In 2024,the average Breteau Index(BI)in Dazu District was 4.87,the average Container Index(CI)was 2.28%,and the average net trap index was 0.53 mosquitoes/(net·hour).Aedes mosquito activity exhibited distinct seasonality,commencing in April,peaking from June to September,and reaching the highest level in August,during which densities across all developmental stages increased.The BI was significantly higher in rural residential areas(6.00)than that in urban residential areas(3.74)(F=6.532,P<0.05).All collected adult mosquitoes were identified as Aedes albopictus,with the highest densities found at sites storing used tires,waste recycling stations,and construction sites.Aedes albopictus larvae showed high resistance to deltamethrin(resistance ratio:66.00),moderate resistance to beta-cypermethrin(resistance ratio:25.88),and remained susceptible to temephos.Conclusions Dazu District faces a potential risk of dengue virus transmission.Efforts should be intensified to eliminate breeding sites and control adult mosquitoes,with priority given to rural residential areas and urban sites storing waste tires.Given the observed larval resistance,it is recommended to discontinue the use of deltamethrin,restrict the use of beta-cypermethrin,and implement insecticide rotation and mixture strategies.Continuous monitoring of Aedes ecology and insecticide resistance is essential for precise dengue vector control.
作者
梁维
蒋立丹
杨克波
龚发权
李正强
王爱民
LIANG Wei;JIANG Li-dan;YANG Ke-bo;GONG Fa-quan;LI Zheng-qiang;WANG Ai-min(Dazu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dazu,Chongqing 402360,China)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2026年第1期38-41,共4页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
关键词
登革热
媒介伊蚊
生态学
抗药性
卫生杀虫剂
Dengue
Vector Aedes
Ecology
Insecticide resistance
Public health insecticides
