摘要
Several mechanisms to form nanoemulsions are reported in the literature.However,there are still gaps in the relationship between the process variables with physicochemical and bioactive properties.This study applied a central composite rotatable design(CCRD)to describe the processing variables of a high-speed homogenizer(rotor/stator)on the physicochemical properties of a thymol nanoemulsion.Droplet sizes of 68.47 nm,0.112 PDI,and-11.00 mV zeta potential could be obtained with improved conditions of 1.0% thymol,4.63%Tween 80,6600 rpm,and 3.13 min rotation.The improved nanoemulsions stored at 4℃ under different conditions(NaCl 0.5%,NaCl 1.0%,pH 4.5,and pH 7.5)showed droplet size stability over 45 days(<200 nm).In addition,the improved thymol nanoemulsions showed better antibacterial activity than non-nanoemulsified thymol for all clinically significant pathogens studied(Staphylococcus aureus,Listeria monocytogenes,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,and Salmonella Enteritidis).The properties of nanodroplets observed in this study highlight the use of high-speed homogenizers as a viable alternative in the development of nanoemulsions.
基金
the financial support of Fundacao de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,Brazil-grant number[E-26/010.000.984/2019,E-26/200.358/2021,E-26/201.813/2022,and E-26/201.534/2022]
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico,Brazil-grant number[313119/2020-1 and 140873/2021-0]
Fundacao de Amparoà Pesquisa e Inovacao do Espírito Santo,Brazil grant number[533/2020].
