摘要
为了探究超高碱值烷基水杨酸钙清净剂对低黏度电动汽车减速箱油抗微点蚀性能的影响,利用微点蚀试验机模拟电动汽车减速箱在典型工况下辊子表面微点蚀的产生与演化过程,并结合摩擦因数、振动信号、辊子宽度及质量变化等指标,评价超高碱值烷基水杨酸钙清净剂对摩擦副表面疲劳损伤的影响;利用扫描电镜-能谱分析(SEM-EDX)手段,揭示清净剂在金属表面的成膜机制及元素分布规律。结果表明:添加质量分数0.3%超高碱值烷基水杨酸钙清净剂后,试验辊子表面微点蚀程度降低近40%,其核心机理为清净剂在金属表面形成物理沉积膜,延缓微观疲劳裂纹的产生;磨损与微点蚀存在“竞争失效”关系,清净剂含量增加可提升抗微点蚀性能,但摩擦因数与磨损率同步增大;清净剂与抗磨剂协同作用,在辊子表面生成富含Ca和P的复合摩擦膜,起到了隔离、填充和修复接触表面的作用。
To address the stringent lubrication requirements for gears and bearings in electric vehicle(EV)transmissions under high-frequency and high-load conditions,while mitigating the energy loss caused by traditional high-viscosity lubricants,this study enhances the micropitting resistance of low-viscosity lubricants by incorporating ultra-high base number calcium alkylsalicylate detergent.The micropitting initiation and evolution on roller surfaces were observed by using an MPR micropitting tester under simulated operating conditions.The impact of the detergent on surface fatigue damage was evaluated through indicators such as friction coefficient,vibration signals,roller width,and weight changes.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX)were employed to analyze the film-forming mechanism and elemental distribution on metal surfaces.The results demonstrate that adding 0.3%ultra-high base number calcium alkylsalicylate detergent reduces micropitting damage by nearly 40%.The core mechanism involves the formation of a physical deposition film on the metal surface,which delays the initiation of microscopic fatigue cracks.However,a“competitive failure”relationship between wear and micropitting was identified:while increasing detergent content improves micropitting resistance,it also elevates the friction coefficient and wear rate.Additionally,the detergent synergizes with anti-wear agents to form a Ca-and P-rich composite friction film on the roller surface.Notably,the elemental content in micropits is significantly lower than that on worn surfaces due to material spalling,which hinders friction film regeneration.
作者
张国茹
孟凡杰
李成
张瑞婕
雷凌
水琳
常秋英
Zhang Guoru;Meng Fanjie;Li Cheng;Zhang Ruijie;Lei Ling;Shui Lin;Chang Qiuying(Beijing Research Institute,SINOPEC Lubricant Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100085;School of Mechanical,Electronic and Control Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University)
出处
《石油炼制与化工》
北大核心
2026年第4期102-108,共7页
Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals
基金
中国石油化工股份有限公司合同项目(124011,724019)。
关键词
微点蚀
清净剂
沉积膜
化学反应膜
减速箱油
micropitting
detergent
deposition film
chemical reaction film
e-transmission fluid
