摘要
为解决上部烟叶可用性较低的问题,明确氮肥用量对上部叶片组织结构及烟叶质量的影响,确定提高上部烟叶可用性的适宜氮肥用量,以中烟100为试验材料,在山东省诸城市设置5个氮肥用量处理,分别为N0(0 kg/hm^(2))、N3(45 kg/hm^(2))、N6(90 kg/hm^(2))、N9(135 kg/hm^(2))和N12(180 kg/hm^(2)),对不同处理下倒2、倒4叶位烟叶的组织结构、上部烟叶的化学成分和感官质量进行比较分析。结果表明:倒2叶位的叶片密度与氮肥用量符合线性+平台方程,倒4叶位的叶片密度与氮肥用量符合一元二次方程;根据拟合方程计算结果,倒2、倒4叶位分别在氮肥用量为86、96 kg/hm^(2)时叶片密度最小;随着施氮量增加,上部烟叶的钾含量增加,糖碱比降低;香气质、香气量和总得分与上4叶位的叶片厚度呈显著正相关;不施氮肥处理(N0)与90 kg/hm^(2)(N6)处理的感官评价结果相当,且大幅度优于其他处理。综合考虑上部叶片的充分发育和烟叶品质,中烟100在山东栽培的适宜氮肥用量为90 kg/hm^(2)。
To address the issue of low usability of upper tobacco leaves and clarify the effects of nitrogen application rates on the leaf tissue structure and quality of upper leaves,as well as to determine the optimal nitrogen application rate for improving the usability of upper leaves,a field experiment was conducted in Zhucheng City,Shandong Province,using Zhongyan 100 as the test material.Five nitrogen application treatments were set up:N0(0 kg/hm^(2)),N3(45 kg/hm^(2)),N6(90 kg/hm^(2)),N9(135 kg/hm^(2)),and N12(180 kg/hm^(2)).The leaf tissue structure of the second and fourth leaves from the top,as well as the chemical components and sensory quality of the upper leaves,were compared and analyzed under different treatments.The results showed that the leaf density of the second leaf from the top followed a linear-plus-platform equation with nitrogen application rate,while that of the fourth leaf from the top followed a quadratic equation with nitrogen application rate.Based on the fitted equations,the leaf density of the second and fourth leaves from the top was minimized at nitrogen application rates of 86 kg/hm^(2) and 96 kg/hm^(2),respectively.As nitrogen application increased,the potassium content of the upper leaves increased,while the sugar-to-nicotine ratio decreased.Aroma quality,aroma quantity,and total sensory score were significantly positively correlated with leaf thickness of the top four leaves.The sensory evaluation results of the N0 treatment(0 kg/hm^(2))were comparable to those of the N6 treatment(90 kg/hm^(2))and were significantly better than those of the other treatments.Considering the full development of upper leaves and tobacco quality,the optimal nitrogen application rate for Zhongyan 100 in Shandong flue-cured tobacco production is 90 kg/hm^(2).
作者
张东东
杜玉海
马强
刘洋
董小卫
刘力玮
闫慧峰
张杨
ZHANG Dongdong;DU Yuhai;MA Qiang;LIU Yang;DONG Xiaowei;LIU Liwei;YAN Huifeng;ZHANG Yang(China Tobacco Shandong Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China;Shandong Weifang Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,Weifang,Shandong 261205,China;Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS,Qingdao,Shandong 266101,China)
出处
《作物研究》
2026年第1期60-66,共7页
Crop Research
基金
山东中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(202201018)。
关键词
烤烟
氮肥
上部烟叶
组织结构
烟叶质量
flue-cured tobacco
nitrogen fertilizer
upper leaf
leaf tissue structure
tobacco quality
