摘要
在高比例新能源接入的背景下,电力系统的稳定形态正发生深刻变革,传统基于同步发电机的稳定机制面临严峻挑战。构网型(GFM)技术凭借其电压源特性和主动支撑能力,能够模拟同步发电机的关键外特性,成为增强新型电力系统稳定性的关键使能技术。系统剖析了构网型技术在多维稳定性提升中的内在机理与典型应用,创新性地提出了“功能导向-控制核心”二维分类框架,以厘清众多技术路线的本质特征与适用边界。针对当前GFM技术量化评估中存在的分类模糊、场景脱节、决策依据不足等突出问题,本文构建了一套涵盖稳定性贡献、运行场景与控制策略的多维量化评估体系(MSCSS)。该体系通过解耦动态场景、量化稳定性贡献、评估策略适配度,实现了对GFM技术方案在复杂运行条件下的多维度科学测评,从而为工程实践中的技术选型、参数优化配置与综合效益评估提供了系统的理论方法与决策支持。最后,本文展望了该领域在参数智能整定、GFM/GFL混合系统稳定性、系统韧性提升以及标准化与市场化等方向的未来发展趋势。
In the context of high proportion of renewable energy integration,the stability paradigm of power systems is undergoing profound transformation,posing severe challenges to traditional stability mechanisms based on synchronous generators.With their voltage source characteristics and active support capabilities,grid-forming(GFM)technologies,which can emulate key external characteristics of synchronous generators,have emerged as crucial enabling technologies for enhancing the stability of new power systems.This paper systematically analyzes the intrinsic mechanisms and typical applications of GFM technologies in improving multidimensional stability.It innovatively proposes a two-dimensional classification framework based on“function orientation–control core”to clarify the essential features and applicable boundaries of numerous technical routes.Addressing prominent issues in current quantitative evaluation of GFM technologies,such as ambiguous classification,disjointed scenarios,and insufficient decision-making basis,this paper constructs a multi-dimensional quantitative evaluation system(MSCSS)encompassing stability contribution,operational scenarios,and control strategies.This system achieves multi-dimensional scientific assessment of GFM technical solutions under complex operating conditions by decoupling dynamic scenarios,quantifying stability contributions,and evaluating strategy compatibility.Thereby,it provides systematic theoretical methods and decision support for technology selection,parameter optimization configuration,and comprehensive benefit evaluation in engineering practice.Finally,this paper prospects future development trends in this field,including intelligent parameter tuning,stability of GFM/GFL hybrid systems,system resilience enhancement,as well as standardization and marketization.
作者
任冲
崔明建
REN Chong;CUI Mingjian(Northwest Branch of State Grid Corporation of China,Xi'an 710048,China;School of Electrical and Information Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)
出处
《智慧电力》
北大核心
2026年第3期1-11,共11页
Smart Power
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52207130)。
关键词
构网型技术
新能源并网
虚拟同步机
量化评估体系
grid-forming technology
renewable energy integration
virtual synchronous generator
quantitative evaluation system
