摘要
随着海洋物联网的蓬勃发展,水下通信网络节点面临着严峻的“能源受限”与“通信孤岛”双重瓶颈。水下无线信息−能量协同传输技术通过复用同一物理场实现能量与信息的并行传输,成为解决上述问题的关键技术。首先从系统架构层面,深入剖析了时间切换、功率分割、空间切换及频率分割4类接收机理的运作模式与利弊。其次,依据传输介质的物理特性,将现有技术按照物理场划分为三大主流路线并进行详细阐述:基于水下电磁波、基于水下光学和基于水下声学的无线信息-能量协同传输技术。最后,以研究现状为基础,分析了不同传输技术的适用场景和技术难点,并展望了未来水下无线信息−能量协同传输技术的发展趋势,为水下通信网络建设及海洋物联网规模化实现提供了理论支撑与技术参考。
With the rapid advancement of the Internet of underwater things(IoUT),underwater communication network nodes are confronted with severe dual bottlenecks characterized by“energy constraints”and“communication isolation”.Underwater simultaneous wireless information and power transfer(U-SWIPT)technology,which achieves parallel transmission of energy and information by multiplexing the same physical field,is regarded as a key solution to these challenges.Firstly,from the perspective of system architecture,the operational modes and trade-offs of four receiver mechanisms—time switching,power splitting,spatial switching,and frequency switching—were deeply analyzed.Secondly,based on the physical characteristics of transmission media,existing technologies were classified into three mainstream routes according to physical fields and were elaborated in detail:underwater electromagnetic-based,underwater opticalbased,and underwater acoustic-based U-SWIPT technologies.Finally,based on the current research status,the applicable scenarios and technical challenges of different transmission technologies were analyzed.Ultimately,the future development trends of U-SWIPT technology are prospected,whereby theoretical support and technical references are provided for the construction of underwater communication networks and the large-scale implementation of the IoUT.
作者
周述增
王文龙
孙文祺
姜兆祯
刘明
曲威宇
Zhou Shuzeng;Wang Wenlong;Sun Wenqi;Jiang Zhaozhen;Liu Ming;Qu Weiyu(PLA Naval Submarine Academy,Qingdao 266199,China)
出处
《通信学报》
北大核心
2026年第3期256-277,共22页
Journal on Communications
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(No.52401410)
山东省重点研发计划基金资助项目(No.ZFJH202305)。
关键词
海洋物联网
水下通信网络
无线信息−能量协同传输
反向散射通信
Internet of underwater things
underwater communication network
simultaneous wireless information and power transfer
backscatter communication
