摘要
某炼钢厂重级工作制吊车梁制动系统垂直支撑在服役过程中反复出现杆件断裂、焊缝开裂等损伤,虽经加固处理仍未能遏制破坏发展,甚至对吊车梁本体结构造成影响。针对此,文中基于现场调查与精细化有限元模拟,系统分析了其破坏机理。研究表明:吊车梁因跨高比小、抗弯刚度不足,在频繁天车荷载下产生显著竖向挠曲变形;同时,垂直支撑因截面刚度过大,引起制动系统内力重分布,使其承受远超设计预期的交变拉压作用,最终导致节点区焊缝及母材疲劳开裂。基于机理分析,提出以“刚度协调”为核心的系统性控制策略,涵盖设计优化、节点构造与修复加固等方面,有利于同类吊车梁制动系统的疲劳防控与长效安全运行。
In a steelmaking plant,vertical bracing members in the braking system of heavy-duty crane beams repeatedly experienced damage such as member fracture and weld cracking during service.Despite reinforcement measures,the failure progression could not be effectively curbed and even affected the main structure of the crane beams.Based on field investigations and refined finite element simulations,this study systematically analyzes the failure mechanism.The results show that due to a small span-to-depth ratio and insufficient flexural stiffness,the crane beams undergo significant vertical deflection under frequent crane loads.Simultaneously,the excessively large sectional stiffness of the vertical bracing leads to a redistribution of internal forces within the braking system,subjecting it to alternating tension and compression forces far exceeding the design expectations.This ultimately results in fatigue cracking in the weld and base metal at the joint areas.Based on the mechanism analysis,a control strategy centered on“stiffness coordination”is proposed,which involves optimizing the bracing cross-section and joint details,providing technical guidance for fatigue prevention and repair reinforcement of similar crane beam braking systems.
作者
时晓迪
贾轩
Shi Xiaodi;Jia Xuan(Shougang Jingtang Iron and Steel Joint Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan Hebei 063200,China)
出处
《山西建筑》
2026年第8期42-45,共4页
Shanxi Architecture
关键词
重级工作制吊车梁
垂直支撑
疲劳破坏
有限元分析
刚度匹配
heavy-duty crane beams
vertical bracing
fatigue failure
finite element analysis
stiffness matching
