摘要
崩落法开采往往会引发大规模的岩层移动和地表变形,为准确预测崩落法开采的地表沉陷范围,有效减轻其造成的损失,以某金属矿崩落法开采为背景,分别采用数值模拟、理论分析、相似模拟试验对地表沉陷范围进行预测研究。通过数值模拟初步获取地表沉陷情况,结合崩落法开采的特点,通过理论分析,提出了一套改进的适用于金属矿山崩落法开采的威布尔分布法地表沉陷预计表达式,同时考虑岩体力学参数的随机性和变异性,基于可靠度理论对地表沉陷范围进行了预测分析。最后利用相似模拟试验对分析结果进行验证。结果表明:三种方法预测的沉陷范围的大小关系为数值模拟<相似模拟试验<基于可靠度的理论分析法,理论计算结果与试验结果的偏差率最小为0.30%,最大不到5%,验证了提出的地表沉陷范围理论计算方法的合理性与可靠性。
Caving mining is widely recognized to trigger large-scale strata movement and ground deformation,making a reliable delineation of the surface subsidence range essential for mitigating associated losses.In this study,a representative metal mine adopting the caving method was investigated,and the subsidence range was evaluated using numerical simulation,analytical modelling,and similarity simulation model test.Numerical simulations were first performed to obtain a preliminary subsidence profile.On this basis,an enhanced Weibull-distribution-based formulation was developed to better capture the subsidence characteristics induced by caving mining in metal mines.The spatial uncertainty of rock-mass mechanical properties was then incorporated via reliability theory to provide a reliability-informed prediction of the subsidence range.Finally,the analytical predictions were validated by similarity simulation tests.The three approaches yield subsidence extents in the following ascending order:numerical simulation<similarity simulation test<reliability-based analysis.The discrepancy between theoretical predictions and test results ranges from 0.30% to less than 5%,demonstrating the robustness and credibility of the proposed method for subsidence range delineation.
作者
符富
金长宇
东龙宾
姚桂宏
FU Fu;JIN Changyu;DONG Longbin;YAO Guihong(State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Deep Metal Mining and Equipment,Northeastern University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110819,China;Yunnan Chihong Zn&.Ge Co.,Ltd.,Qujing,Yunnan 655099,China;MCC North(Dalian)Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd,Dalian,Liaoning 116600,China;Zijin(Xiamen)Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen,Fujian 361006,China)
出处
《矿业研究与开发》
北大核心
2026年第3期101-109,共9页
Mining Research and Development
基金
辽宁省科学技术计划项目(2023JH1/10400004)。
关键词
崩落法
地表沉陷
数值模拟
可靠度
相似模拟试验
Caving method
Surface subsidence
Numerical simulation
Reliability
Similarity simulation test
