摘要
为揭示海南省南渡江流域抗生素污染的时空变化规律和评估其生态风险,利用大体积进样-高效液相色谱串联质谱法对五大类共44种抗生素进行定量分析,并采用风险商法(RQ)和联合概率曲线法(JPCs)分别开展生态风险评估.结果表明,南渡江流域共检出10种抗生素,总浓度范围为ND~2034.38 ng·L^(-1),其中磺胺氯哒嗪的浓度最高(ND~1993 ng·L^(-1)),其次是磺胺甲噁唑(ND~949.81 ng·L^(-1))和氟苯尼考(ND~482.16 ng·L^(-1)).不同水期抗生素的浓度平均值为:平水期(112.92 ng·L^(-1))>枯水期(78.29ng·L^(-1)>丰水期(69.85 ng·L^(-1)).RQ法显示具有高风险的抗生素为磺胺甲噁唑、甲氧苄氨嘧啶、林可霉素、红霉素和克林霉素,其风险商分别为9.50、7.59、2.99、2.43和1.34.这5种抗生素的预测无效应浓度超标率分别为11.9%、4.76%、4.76%、4.76%和2.38%;基于JPCs评估发现,红霉素的最大风险乘积为3.45%,具有中风险,林可霉素的最大风险乘积为0.67%,具有低风险,其余抗生素的风险可忽略.抗生素的浓度、检出率和毒性效应共同影响生态风险评估的结果,通过构建多层次生态风险评估的方法,科学界定了抗生素的生态风险阈值,有效解决了传统评估方法可能存在的保护不足或过度保护问题,可为区域尺度抗生素污染的分级管控和空间差异化治理提供科学依据.
To reveal the spatiotemporal variation of antibiotic pollution in the Nandu River Basin,Hainan Province,and assess its ecological risk,a large-volume injection-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)method was used to quantitatively analyze 44 antibiotics from five major categories.The risk quotient(RQ)and joint probability curves(JPCs)methods were employed for ecological risk assessment.The results showed that 10 antibiotics were detected in the Nandu River Basin,with total concentrations ranging from ND to 2034.38 ng·L^(-1).Sulfachloropyridazine had the highest concentration(ND-1993 ng·L^(-1)),followed by sulfamethoxazole(ND-949.81 ng·L^(-1))and florfenicol(ND-482.16 ng·L^(-1)).The mean antibiotic concentrations in different hydrological periods were as follows:normal water period(112.92 ng·L^(-1))>dry season(78.29 ng·L^(-1))>wet season(69.85 ng·L^(-1)).The RQ method indicated that sulfamethoxazole,trimethoprim,lincomycin,erythromycin,and clindamycin posed high risks,with risk quotients of 9.50,7.59,2.99,2.43,and 1.34,respectively.The exceedance rates of the predicted no-effect concentration(PNEC)for these five antibiotics were 11.9%,4.76%,4.76%,4.76%,and 2.38%,respectively.The JPCs-based assessment showed that erythromycin had the highest risk product(3.45%),indicating a moderate risk,while lincomycin had a maximum risk product of 0.67%,indicating a low risk.The risks of other antibiotics were negligible.The results of ecological risk assessment were influenced by antibiotic concentration,detection frequency,and toxic effects.By constructing a multi-tiered ecological risk assessment approach,this study scientifically defined ecological risk thresholds for antibiotics,effectively addressing the potential issues of underprotection or overprotection in traditional assessment methods.This provides a scientific basis for hierarchical management and spatially differentiated control of antibiotic pollution at the regional scale.
作者
黄丹瑜
王晟
程龙
吴艳
何书海
HUANG Dan-yu;WANG Sheng;CHENG Long;WU Yan;HE Shu-hai(Hainan Provincial Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Haikou 571126,China;Shanghai Aibo CaiSi Analytical Instrument Trading Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200335,China)
出处
《环境科学》
北大核心
2026年第3期1675-1687,共13页
Environmental Science
基金
海南省自然科学基金项目(424QN362)。
关键词
抗生素
南渡江流域
时空变化
生态风险
概率风险评估
antibiotics
Nandu River Basin
spatiotemporal variation
ecological risk
probabilistic risk assessment
